What is the ruling on performing 'Umrah on behalf of one's parents from al-Tan'im?
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Question : May Allah reward you. The questioner says: I performed 'Umrah in this blessed month, praise be to Allah, and I want to go now to the Mus'ana' Mosque so that I may enter the state of ihram from there to perform 'Umrah on behalf of my father or my mother. What is the ruling on that? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer : That is not done. No, no. How many times is this? Three times. Why? Good. A sacrifice. A sacrifice from whom? A sacrifice from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). And we know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) loved his uncle Hamzah, who was martyred in the Battle of Uhud, and he loved his wife Khadijah, who passed away in Makkah, is that not so? When the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the 'Umrah of al-Qada' and stayed three days in Makkah, did he go to perform 'Umrah for his uncle or his wife? Answer the group. No, even if it was easy for him to do so.
Where did these 'Umrahs come from? If a person performs 'Umrah for himself, the first thing he does is come on the first day of Ramadan, and he has, for example, twenty brothers, and he says, "I will perform 'Umrah for each one of them, one day for each." How many times does he perform 'Umrah? Twenty days, and he is performing 'Umrah, yet he has no hair, so where does he go? Every 'Umrah requires shaving or shortening the hair. This is ignorance on the part of the people. They certainly want good; they do not want to introduce anything into the religion of Allah, but they do it out of ignorance. Bring us evidence that the righteous Salaf (may Allah be pleased with them) repeated 'Umrah in a single journey. By Allah, if this were authentic from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), or from the Rightly Guided Caliphs, or from the Companions, we would say, "By the eyes and the head!" This happened in the time of the Tabi'un. And those among the Tabi'un who rejected it rejected it, until 'Ata ibn Abi Rabah, the scholar of Makkah, said, "I do not know about these people who go to al-Tan'im. I do not know whether they will be rewarded or punished?" And we are commanded with what?
By following, not by personal choice. Whoever wants to do so says, "I am doing this on behalf of my mother, on behalf of my uncle, on behalf of my father," and so on. Therefore, I say to the brother questioner: if you want to follow the Sunnah in what benefits your father, you must seek guidance from the most perfect of creation in advice. Who is he? Who is he, everyone? The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said, may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1376Sahih (Darussalam). Listen to the words of the Guide and Bringer of Good News (peace and blessings be upon him): "except for three things" Sahih Muslim 1631. Does he pray for him? Does he pray for him? No, he goes out to al-Tan'im and performs an 'Umrah for him. Say it, everyone. No, or a righteous son who prays for him. Do you think that Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), would guide his Ummah to something when something else is better than it? No, by Allah, we testify to Allah that he does not do this. If performing 'Umrah for the father had been prescribed in Ramadan or otherwise, he would have said, "or a righteous son." Attack, everyone, by performing 'Umrah on his behalf.
He did not say this. He hastened to the deed, even though the hadith is about the deed, everyone. The hadith is about the deed; he hastened from it to supplication. If you want to benefit your father or your mother, whether alive or dead, you must resort to supplication. "My Lord, forgive me and my parents"[Al-Isra 17:24] and the like. This is how the best of creation guided creation and taught them what benefits them, Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So why do we repeat 'Umrah? It has not been born. What do we do? So I say to the questioner, my brother: supplicate to Allah for your father, supplicate to Allah for your mother. You do so while breaking your fast, while standing in night prayer, and while praying the obligatory prayer. This is better than an 'Umrah you perform in which you doubt whether it is a sin or a reward.
Answer : That is not done. No, no. How many times is this? Three times. Why? Good. A sacrifice. A sacrifice from whom? A sacrifice from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). And we know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) loved his uncle Hamzah, who was martyred in the Battle of Uhud, and he loved his wife Khadijah, who passed away in Makkah, is that not so? When the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the 'Umrah of al-Qada' and stayed three days in Makkah, did he go to perform 'Umrah for his uncle or his wife? Answer the group. No, even if it was easy for him to do so.
Where did these 'Umrahs come from? If a person performs 'Umrah for himself, the first thing he does is come on the first day of Ramadan, and he has, for example, twenty brothers, and he says, "I will perform 'Umrah for each one of them, one day for each." How many times does he perform 'Umrah? Twenty days, and he is performing 'Umrah, yet he has no hair, so where does he go? Every 'Umrah requires shaving or shortening the hair. This is ignorance on the part of the people. They certainly want good; they do not want to introduce anything into the religion of Allah, but they do it out of ignorance. Bring us evidence that the righteous Salaf (may Allah be pleased with them) repeated 'Umrah in a single journey. By Allah, if this were authentic from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), or from the Rightly Guided Caliphs, or from the Companions, we would say, "By the eyes and the head!" This happened in the time of the Tabi'un. And those among the Tabi'un who rejected it rejected it, until 'Ata ibn Abi Rabah, the scholar of Makkah, said, "I do not know about these people who go to al-Tan'im. I do not know whether they will be rewarded or punished?" And we are commanded with what?
By following, not by personal choice. Whoever wants to do so says, "I am doing this on behalf of my mother, on behalf of my uncle, on behalf of my father," and so on. Therefore, I say to the brother questioner: if you want to follow the Sunnah in what benefits your father, you must seek guidance from the most perfect of creation in advice. Who is he? Who is he, everyone? The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said, may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace:
When a person dies, his deeds are cut off except for three
إذا مات الإنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاثa continuing charity
صدقة جاريةor knowledge (by which people) benefit, or a pious child
أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالحHe did not say this. He hastened to the deed, even though the hadith is about the deed, everyone. The hadith is about the deed; he hastened from it to supplication. If you want to benefit your father or your mother, whether alive or dead, you must resort to supplication. "My Lord, forgive me and my parents"
My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small."
رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا
Source
قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 5 - 41 - دروس وفتاوى المسجد الحرام للعام 1419 هـ - الدرس الخامس - الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين — youtube.com (35:06)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.
