What is the cause of revelation and the meaning of the verse, and We do not descend except by the command of your Lord
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Question:
May Allah reward you. Honorable Shaykh, this questioner says: Regarding the saying of Allah[Maryam 19:64], what is the reason for the revelation of this verse and what is its meaning?
Answer:
The reason for its revelation is what was reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Jibril, "Will you not come to me?" He asked him to come to him more often. So Allah the Exalted revealed[Maryam 19:64]. My Lord, the angels do not descend except when Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) commands them, because they are servants of Allah, obedient to Allah. [Al-Anbya 21:27], to Him belongs what is before us, which is the present, and what is behind us, which is the past. And what is between that, between the past and the present and the future. Or what is before us is the future, and what is behind us is the past, and what is between that is the present. All of this belongs to Allah (Mighty and Majestic). And your Lord is not forgetful; He cleared Himself of forgetfulness, which is distraction and negligence. Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) does not forget, unlike the created being, for he forgets. Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) does not forget. [Taha 20:52]
As for His saying, the Exalted, "They forgot,[Al-Baqarah 2:238] so He forgot them," this is not forgetfulness in the sense of distraction or negligence. Rather, it means He left them in the punishment. "He forgot them" means He left them in the punishment. Because they left off His remembrance and obedience, He left them in the punishment. So the meaning of "forgetting" here is leaving, because Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) does not forget. May Allah reward you, Honorable Shaykh. And the Book is [Taha 20:52]. The Book is the Preserved Tablet. Yes.
May Allah reward you. Honorable Shaykh, this questioner says: Regarding the saying of Allah
[Gabriel said], "And we [angels] descend not except by the order of your Lord. To Him belongs that before us and that behind us and what is in between. And never is your Lord forgetful -
وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَمَا خَلْفَنَا وَمَا بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّاAnswer:
The reason for its revelation is what was reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Jibril, "Will you not come to me?" He asked him to come to him more often. So Allah the Exalted revealed
And we [angels] descend not except by the
وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِThey cannot precede Him in word, and they act by His command.
لَا يَسْبِقُونَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ وَهُم بِأَمْرِهِ يَعْمَلُونَin a record. My Lord neither errs nor forgets."
فِي كِتَابٍ لَّا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَلَا يَنسَىAs for His saying, the Exalted, "They forgot,
Maintain with care the [obligatory] prayers and [in particular] the middle prayer and stand before Allah, devoutly obedient.
وَالصَّلَاةِin a record. My Lord neither errs nor
فِي كِتَابٍ لَّا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَلَا
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، ما سبب نزول وما معنى الآية وما نتنزل إلا بأمر ربك لمعالي الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.