The ruling on repeating the prayer while in a state of ritual impurity due to ignorance or forgetfulness
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The Shaykh : So what is the evidence? The evidence is the great, general principle that Allah established for His servants, which is [Al-Baqarah 2:286] This man who committed this forbidden act was either ignorant or forgetful. Allah has lifted the accountability for it, and nothing remains for which he is to be held responsible. As long as the accountability is lifted, nothing remains for which he is to be held responsible.
Based on this, we say that if a man is affected by ritual impurity and forgets to wash it, and at that moment he has no water, and he prays and forgets, then his prayer is valid and he does not have to repeat it. If, after he has prayed, someone says, "O so-and-so, look, there is impurity on your garment," from the moment he said the closing salam, "Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy," and someone says, "Look, there is impurity on your garment," then he does not have to repeat it because he was ignorant. Likewise, if he was ignorant of its ruling, meaning he did not know whether it was impure or not, then he does not have to repeat it due to the generality of the verse we mentioned. There is also a specific evidence in this matter: when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed in his leather socks and there was filth in them, and Jibril informed him of it, he did not restart the prayer. If this did not invalidate the beginning of the prayer, then it does not invalidate the rest of the prayer. Therefore, the correct view is that he does not have to repeat it due to the generality of the verse and this specific evidence.
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِن نَّسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَاBased on this, we say that if a man is affected by ritual impurity and forgets to wash it, and at that moment he has no water, and he prays and forgets, then his prayer is valid and he does not have to repeat it. If, after he has prayed, someone says, "O so-and-so, look, there is impurity on your garment," from the moment he said the closing salam, "Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy," and someone says, "Look, there is impurity on your garment," then he does not have to repeat it because he was ignorant. Likewise, if he was ignorant of its ruling, meaning he did not know whether it was impure or not, then he does not have to repeat it due to the generality of the verse we mentioned. There is also a specific evidence in this matter: when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed in his leather socks and there was filth in them, and Jibril informed him of it, he did not restart the prayer. If this did not invalidate the beginning of the prayer, then it does not invalidate the rest of the prayer. Therefore, the correct view is that he does not have to repeat it due to the generality of the verse and this specific evidence.
Source
قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 696الدليل على أن من أصابته نجاسة...📔 الشرح الممتع على زاد المستقنع - ابن عثيمين - مشروع كبار العلماء — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.
