The Ruling on One Who Commits Shirk (Associating Partners with Allah) Without Believing It
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Question:
May Allah reward you. Honorable Shaykh, he says: Recently, people have started saying that a person is not declared a disbeliever if he commits shirk (associating partners with Allah) but does not believe in it; rather, one is only declared a disbeliever by belief alone, and not by action. What is your response to those who hold this view?
Answer:
Disbelief (kufr), according to the scholars, occurs in many things, one of which is belief. Belief is one type of disbelief. For example, arrogance can be through speech. That is, one swears by Allah, or by the Messenger, or by the Qur'an, even if he does not believe it in his heart. He preaches, and if you asked him, he would say, "We were only saying it; we did not believe it."
"We were only saying it and did not know." [Allah says:] "Did you seek help from Allah and His angels and His Messenger?" So disbelief can be through speech and through action. Whoever slaughters for other than Allah, or swears by other than Allah, or prostrates to other than Allah, is a disbeliever by his action. The one who slaughtered, as you know, the one who slaughtered the fly entered the Fire. Even if he did not believe it in his heart, he did it out of patience, he responded to patience, and he obeyed the polytheists, even if he did not believe it in his heart, but only did it to get rid of them or just to agree with them.
He was not asked about his heart; rather, disbelief was established for him by his action, which he committed, and he mentioned the sin of Allah the Exalted. It can be through action, and it can also be through doubt and hesitation: Is the Qur'an true, or is it not true? Is the saying of the Messenger true? Or if he doubts, he is a disbeliever. And believing in the creation is a type of major shirk (associating partners with Allah), and belief is a type of major shirk (associating partners with Allah). Yes.
May Allah reward you. Honorable Shaykh, he says: Recently, people have started saying that a person is not declared a disbeliever if he commits shirk (associating partners with Allah) but does not believe in it; rather, one is only declared a disbeliever by belief alone, and not by action. What is your response to those who hold this view?
Answer:
Disbelief (kufr), according to the scholars, occurs in many things, one of which is belief. Belief is one type of disbelief. For example, arrogance can be through speech. That is, one swears by Allah, or by the Messenger, or by the Qur'an, even if he does not believe it in his heart. He preaches, and if you asked him, he would say, "We were only saying it; we did not believe it."
"We were only saying it and did not know." [Allah says:] "Did you seek help from Allah and His angels and His Messenger?" So disbelief can be through speech and through action. Whoever slaughters for other than Allah, or swears by other than Allah, or prostrates to other than Allah, is a disbeliever by his action. The one who slaughtered, as you know, the one who slaughtered the fly entered the Fire. Even if he did not believe it in his heart, he did it out of patience, he responded to patience, and he obeyed the polytheists, even if he did not believe it in his heart, but only did it to get rid of them or just to agree with them.
He was not asked about his heart; rather, disbelief was established for him by his action, which he committed, and he mentioned the sin of Allah the Exalted. It can be through action, and it can also be through doubt and hesitation: Is the Qur'an true, or is it not true? Is the saying of the Messenger true? Or if he doubts, he is a disbeliever. And believing in the creation is a type of major shirk (associating partners with Allah), and belief is a type of major shirk (associating partners with Allah). Yes.
Source
حصول الردة بفعل ما يناقض الإسلام — alfawzan.live
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.