The Difference Between Blameworthy and Praiseworthy Disagreement
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Question:
May Allah reward you. And to the Shaykh, may Allah benefit me through you. A questioner asks: What are the limits of the letters of Islam in the books of the Sunnah?
Answer:
What? Repeat the question. There is no need for disagreement in the books of the text, and may Allah reward you with good. Letters? The disagreement in the books of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), the disagreement exists, and it is of two kinds: blameworthy disagreement, and permissible disagreement. The blameworthy disagreement is that which leads to division, enmity, and hatred between the disputants, or may lead to fighting and the shedding of blood. This is a blameworthy disagreement.[Ali 'Imran 3:105], Allah the Exalted says [Al-Baqarah 2:253], so the reason they fought was the disagreement. Therefore, the disagreement that leads to fanaticism, conflict, and fighting is blameworthy.
As for the disagreement in seeking the truth, which is called ijtihad (independent legal reasoning), the disagreement intended to seek the truth, an ijtihad issue where each person exerts his effort if he has the qualifications for ijtihad, then he is required to exert his effort, even if he disagrees with the other mujtahid (scholar qualified to derive rulings). This is a permissible disagreement, because its purpose is seeking the truth. However, one should not be fanatical about his opinion, nor should anyone be fanatical for him, but rather this disagreement should be referred back to the evidence (dalil),[An-Nisa 4:59]. So the disagreement whose goal is ijtihad in seeking the truth is praiseworthy, but one should not be fanatical about the one who erred, and the one who erred should not be fanatical about his opinion, but rather he should return to the correct one.
And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If the judge exerts his effort and is correct, he has two rewards, and ifMishkat al-Masabih 3732. This ijtihad, the disagreement whose purpose is seeking the truth and researching the truth, if the truth becomes clear, he takes it, even if it is with another, and he does not be fanatical about his opinion. This is what is required. Yes.
May Allah reward you. And to the Shaykh, may Allah benefit me through you. A questioner asks: What are the limits of the letters of Islam in the books of the Sunnah?
Answer:
What? Repeat the question. There is no need for disagreement in the books of the text, and may Allah reward you with good. Letters? The disagreement in the books of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), the disagreement exists, and it is of two kinds: blameworthy disagreement, and permissible disagreement. The blameworthy disagreement is that which leads to division, enmity, and hatred between the disputants, or may lead to fighting and the shedding of blood. This is a blameworthy disagreement.
And do not be like the ones who became divided and differed after the clear proofs had come to them
وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُوا وَاخْتَلَفُوا مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُIf Allah had willed, those [generations] succeeding them would not have fought each other after the clear proofs had come to them. But they differed
وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِن بَعْدِهِم مِّن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ وَلَٰكِنِ اخْتَلَفُواAs for the disagreement in seeking the truth, which is called ijtihad (independent legal reasoning), the disagreement intended to seek the truth, an ijtihad issue where each person exerts his effort if he has the qualifications for ijtihad, then he is required to exert his effort, even if he disagrees with the other mujtahid (scholar qualified to derive rulings). This is a permissible disagreement, because its purpose is seeking the truth. However, one should not be fanatical about his opinion, nor should anyone be fanatical for him, but rather this disagreement should be referred back to the evidence (dalil),
And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day
فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِAnd the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If the judge exerts his effort and is correct, he has two rewards, and if
and is wrong, he will have a single reward
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Source
حدود الخلاف في كتب الفقه — alfawzan.live
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.