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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Combining Faith in Divine Decree with the Fact that Supplication Averts Decree

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Question:
It is mentioned in the hadith:
Nothing turns back the Decree except supplicationلا يرد القضاء إلا الدعاء،
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2139Da'if (Darussalam)
or as he (peace and blessings be upon him) said. It is also stated that faith in divine decree, its good and its evil, is one of the pillars of faith. How is this reconciled?

Answer:
There is no contradiction between the two hadiths that would require reconciliation. Faith in divine decree and destiny is one of the pillars of faith, as the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil.الإيمان أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الآخر وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره
Sahih Muslim 8a
As for the fact that supplication averts decree, this is a hadith from the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). The meaning of this is that Allah has decreed things based on causes. When the causes are present, the result attached to them occurs. For example, having children is attached to marriage. If you marry, Allah may bless you with children. If you do not marry, children do not come. This is a decree based on a cause. If you eat, you become full. If you do not eat, you die of hunger. This is a decree based on a cause. If Allah has decreed that you will die of hunger, you do not eat. If Allah has decreed that you will live, you eat. In other words, it is a decree based on a cause, whether in negation or affirmation. There are decrees attached to causes. Supplication is one of those causes. If you supplicate to Allah, Allah prevents evil from you and gives you good. So it is decreed that if you supplicate to Allah, He will ward off evil from you.
And if you do not supplicate to Allah, the evil will come to you. So Allah has decreed from eternity that you will supplicate to Him and He will avert this thing from you, or He has decreed that you will not supplicate and this evil will reach you. Everything is by decree, there is no doubt about it. The result is that this is a decree based on a cause. If the cause occurs, the effect occurs by the permission of Allah. If the cause does not occur, the effect does not occur. Yes.
Source الفوزان -أشرطة- أسئلة وأجوبة من دروس التوحيد - الفوزان - أسئلة التوحيد - ٣ — archive.org (39:10)

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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