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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The ruling on prostration of recitation without ablution

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The questioner:
He was asked about a man who is recited to him from the Qur'an and it contains a prostration, and he prostrates without ablution; does he sin, or does he become a disbeliever, or is his wife divorced from him? He answered: He does not become a disbeliever, and his wife is not divorced from him, but he sins according to the majority of scholars. However, some of the followers of Abu Hanifah mentioned that one who prays without ablution in what requires purity by consensus, such as the five daily prayers, becomes a disbeliever for that. And if he becomes a disbeliever, he is an apostate, and the apostate’s wife is divorced from him according to Abu Hanifah. But declaring this person a disbeliever is not transmitted from Abu Hanifah himself, nor from his two companions, but only from his followers. And the majority of scholars hold that he is subject to discretionary punishment, and he does not become a disbeliever unless he considers that permissible and mocks the prayer. As for the prostration of recitation

The Shaykh:
meaning, if he prays mockingly without ablution, or considers prayer without ablution permissible, he becomes a disbeliever. But if he was ignorant and prayed without ablution, he is guided to the good. Yes. As for the prostration of recitation, some scholars held that it is permissible without purity, and there was no dispute. Hmm. As for the prostration of recitation, some scholars held that it is permissible without purity, and the scholars did not dispute its permissibility; its doer does not become a disbeliever by consensus. And the majority of scholars hold that the apostate’s wife is not divorced from him unless his waiting period expires and he does not return to Islam, and Allah knows best.
The correct view is that the prostration of recitation and the prostration of gratitude do not require purity; because they occur for a person without preparation for the act. He may be in a state of ritual impurity and pass by a prostration verse and prostrate, and praise be to Allah, because it is not a prayer. Purity is a condition for prayer; no prayer is accepted without purification, and prostration is not a prayer, but it is submission to Allah, and humility before Allah (Mighty and Majestic), and prostration before Him, so one cannot achieve purity. This is the correct view. Likewise, the prostration of gratitude may come to a person in a state other than purity. He may be sitting and be informed that his father recovered from an illness, or that a child was born to him, or that the Muslims were victorious in such and such a place, so he prostrates to Allah in gratitude, as it was reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when something pleasing came to him, would prostrate to Allah. This indicates that purity is not a condition for the prostration of gratitude. Likewise, the prostration of recitation. As for the prostration of forgetfulness, purity is necessary; because it is part of the prayer. Yes. The best is what has no evidence for standing. The best is to prostrate in his current state; if he is reading while standing, he prostrates while standing on the ground, and if he is sitting, he prostrates while sitting, and praise be to Allah. There is no evidence for the prescription of standing. Yes. Hmm.

The presenter:
What Allah willed for you.

The Shaykh:
There is doubt in its validity; it does not have a clear chain of narration. Then, if she did it from her own independent legal reasoning, may Allah be pleased with her. Yes.
Source أجزاء من مجموع فتاوى ابن تيمية بتعليق ابن باز، بداية من : وسئل شيخ الإسلام - رحمه الله - عن الرجل إذا كان يتلو الكتاب العزيز بين جماعة فقرأ سجدة — islamhouse.com (10:44)

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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