Explanation of the forms of disbelief and the statement of those who limited it to denial

Question:
The questioner says: Your Eminence, it has spread in these days that disbelief does not occur except through denial, meaning denial by the heart, while what is called practical disbelief does not constitute disbelief except through deeming it permissible. What is your view on that? May Allah grant you success.

Answer:
This is an error, this is an error. Disbelief occurs through action, speech, belief, and doubt. This is how disbelief occurs through speech, through action, through belief, and through doubt; all of it counts. So whoever insults Allah or insults His Messenger, or calls upon the dead or seeks aid from the dead, has committed disbelief through speech. And whoever prostrates to other than Allah or bows to other than Allah, or draws near to the dead or to the jinn, has committed disbelief through action. And whoever slaughters for other than Allah has committed disbelief through action, and so on. Whoever believes that other than Allah benefits and harms without Allah, or believes that calling upon the dead is permissible, or that insulting the religion is permissible, has committed disbelief, even if he does not act upon his belief, he is a disbeliever. Or whoever believes that calling upon the dead and the righteous is permissible, he has committed disbelief. And so on, whoever doubts in that, whoever doubts in the religion, doubts in the truth of the resurrection, doubts in the truth of Paradise, doubts that Allah is above the Throne, or doubts the obligation of prayer, or doubts the obligation of fasting Ramadan, has committed disbelief through doubt. Or whoever doubts the prohibition of zina, or the prohibition of intoxicants, has committed disbelief. We ask Allah for safety. So the forms of disbelief are speech, action, belief, and doubt. We ask Allah for safety.