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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The Grading of the Hadith (There is no divorce for one who is coerced)

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Question:
Tell me, is it authentic that it was narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said, "There is no divorce for one who is coerced"?

Answer:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings uponالحمد لله، وصلى الله وسلم على
Sunan al-Bayhaqi 10:1391
the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and his Companions, and whoever follows his guidance. As for what follows, I do not know that anything has come from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this subject that matches this wording, "There is no divorce for one who is coerced." I do not know this wording in any of the narrations. What has come is his saying (peace and blessings be upon him)
Allah has forgiven my nation for mistakes and forgetfulnessإِنَّ اللَّهَ وَضَعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَطَأَ وَالنِّسْيَانَ
Sunan Ibn Majah 2045Sahih (Darussalam)
about it and gratitude for it. Abu Hatim and a group of scholars graded it as weak, while others graded it as good. Its meaning is correct. Allah the Exalted said:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِن نَّسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا
[Al-Baqarah 2:286]
So Allah said, "I have done so." Muslim narrated it in his Sahih from the hadith of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), and Muslim also narrated from the hadith of Abu Hurayrah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said, "Allah the Exalted said."
After this supplication? Yes, meaning respond to the invitation in His saying, Exalted is He:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we haveرَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِن نَّسِينَا
[Al-Baqarah 2:286]
And we erred, so respond to their supplication, Exalted is He, by not holding them accountable for forgetfulness and error. And Allah said in His great Book:
Whoever disbelieves in Allah after his belief... except for one who is forced [to renounce his religion] while his heart is secureمَن كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِيمَانِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ
[An-Nahl 16:106]
by his faith. So the one who is coerced into shirk (associating partners with Allah) or sin, which does not pertain to the rights of another, is forgiven if his heart is at ease with faith. The Muslims in Makkah al-Mukarramah, during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), were being coerced. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted them to agree [to the demands of the polytheists] so that they would be safe from punishment, while their hearts remained at ease with faith.
So if he is coerced into a word of shirk (associating partners with Allah) or another forbidden word by beating or by threatening with killing, from someone he believes will do that to him, it is permissible for him to speak or do what is forbidden to remove the coercion. With the intention of removing the coercion, while his heart is at rest with faith.
But he does not have the right to wrong others for the sake of his own safety. He does not have the right to kill another to be safe, and he does not have the right to beat another to be safe, if he knows that the one killed or beaten does not deserve that. So he does not have the right to defend himself by wronging others.
As for speaking a forbidden word, or something not forbidden that pertains to Allah, such as prostrating to other than Allah, or a word of disbelief, or slaughtering for other than Allah, this does not bring him sin if he is coerced and his heart is at rest with faith. So if he speaks shirk (associating partners with Allah) or curses Allah or the Messenger, while being coerced and his heart is at rest with faith, that does not harm him. And Allah knows the secret and what is more hidden. And likewise, if he is coerced into prostrating or slaughtering for other than Allah, he does not become a disbeliever by this, if his heart is at rest with faith and he did not fall short in the slaughtering for other than Allah or the prostration to other than Allah, but rather he followed him in the form of the slaughtering and the form of the prostration. Because hearts are with Allah, and they do not have the power to coerce them. Coercion is only on speech and action. Yes. May Allah reward you with good.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ ابن باز Alsheikh Binbaz»، 2699 - درجة حديث (ليس على مستكره طلاق) - نور على الدرب — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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