The Ruling on Deferring Loans
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Question:
If one defers payment to him and grants him a term, it is obligatory to defer it according to the more correct of the two schools, which is the school of Malik, and his statement in the school of Ahmad and the like. The texts from him indicate that it is not deferred, as is the statement of al-Shafi'i and Abu Hanifah. And what indicates the effect is His saying, the Exalted: "Fulfill the contracts," and His saying, the Exalted:[As-Saf 61:2-3].
Answer:
If a loan is deferred, it is deferred. So if he lent him a thousand riyals or ten thousand riyals until Muharram, from the year 1417 Muharram, and then he made it easy for him, saying, "Give me ready money in Sha'ban and until Ramadan," he said, "I made it easy, give me the loan." He does not have that right. The Muslims are bound by their conditions. This is deception and a trick. It is not permissible. As long as you lent it to him, you agreed with him that he would return the money to you in Muharram. The Muslims are bound by their conditions. He may have a relative. When he said in Muharram, he had nothing in Ramadan, he had nothing in Sha'ban, he had nothing in the answer. So it is obligatory for the believer to fulfill what he said and not to deceive him. Otherwise, in Muharram, then he comes to demand it before that. The correct thing is that he hastens it. Yes. May Allah forgive him.
If one defers payment to him and grants him a term, it is obligatory to defer it according to the more correct of the two schools, which is the school of Malik, and his statement in the school of Ahmad and the like. The texts from him indicate that it is not deferred, as is the statement of al-Shafi'i and Abu Hanifah. And what indicates the effect is His saying, the Exalted: "Fulfill the contracts," and His saying, the Exalted:
(2) O you who have believed, why do you say what you do not do? (3) Great is hatred in the sight of Allah that you say what you do not do.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ كَبُرَ مَقْتًا عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُوا مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَAnswer:
If a loan is deferred, it is deferred. So if he lent him a thousand riyals or ten thousand riyals until Muharram, from the year 1417 Muharram, and then he made it easy for him, saying, "Give me ready money in Sha'ban and until Ramadan," he said, "I made it easy, give me the loan." He does not have that right. The Muslims are bound by their conditions. This is deception and a trick. It is not permissible. As long as you lent it to him, you agreed with him that he would return the money to you in Muharram. The Muslims are bound by their conditions. He may have a relative. When he said in Muharram, he had nothing in Ramadan, he had nothing in Sha'ban, he had nothing in the answer. So it is obligatory for the believer to fulfill what he said and not to deceive him. Otherwise, in Muharram, then he comes to demand it before that. The correct thing is that he hastens it. Yes. May Allah forgive him.
Source
قناة «فضيلة الشيخ ابن باز Alsheikh Binbaz»، 118 - حكم تأجيل القروض - فوائد إغاثة اللهفان من مصائد الشيطان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.
