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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The texts that described certain actions as disbelief; how do we distinguish between them as to whether they are major shirk or minor shirk?

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Question:
May Allah reward you, Honorable Shaykh. This questioner says: Some texts describe certain actions as disbelief, so how do we distinguish between them as to whether they are major shirk or minor shirk?

Answer:
What is described as disbelief (kufr), while other texts indicate that it does not take one out of the religion, is minor shirk (associating partners with Allah). Take, for example, killing a soul without right. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Do not revert to disbelievers after I am gone.لا ترجعوا بعدي كفارا
Sunan an-Nasa'i 4129Sahih (Darussalam)
by striking the necks of one anotherيضرب بعضكم رقاب بعض
Sahih Muslim 65
So this was described as disbelief, whereas in the verse, "And if two groups among the believers fight," look:
among the believers should fightمِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا
[Al-Hujurat 49:9]
This indicates that the killer does not leave the faith.
And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the twoوَإِن طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا
[Al-Hujurat 49:9]
Up to His saying, "Indeed, the believers are brothers." He called them brothers even though they are fighting each other. This indicates that it is minor shirk, not a disbelief that takes one out of the religion. This is the distinction. The second distinction is that they said: If "disbelief" is mentioned with the definite article (al-), it is major shirk; if it is mentioned as an indefinite noun, it is from minor shirk. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، [70 -858] النصوص التي وصفت بعض الأفعال بالكفر؛ كيف نفرق بينها أنها كفر أكبر أو كفر أصغر؟ — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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