Tafsir of Surat al-Najm
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Exegesis of Surat al-Shura
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted: [al-Shura: 27]?
Answer: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, makes it clear that if He had expanded the provision for His servants, they would have transgressed on earth.
And al-baghy: Transgression and tyranny; for when a person becomes wealthy, it leads him to arrogance and insolence.As Allah the Exalted said: [al-Alaq: 6, 7]. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, by His wisdom provides for whom He wills and expands their provision, because that is better for them, and He restricts the provision of others, because that is better for them. Some people are not rectified except by wealth, and if they were to become poor, it would corrupt their religion for them. And some people are not rectified except by poverty, and if they were to become wealthy, it would corrupt their religion for them. As came in the hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in what he narrates from his Lord. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is Wise and Knowing, providing for His servants according to His wisdom and His knowledge of what rectifies them and what organizes their interests.
[Exegesis of Surat al-Zukhruf]
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted: [al-Zukhruf: 36]?
Answer: The meaning of the verse (and whoever turns a blind eye) is: he pretends to be blind, ignores, and turns away from the remembrance of the Most Merciful.And al-'ashi in the eye: Weakness of its sight.
And what is intended here is the blindness of insight,Meaning: the blindness of the heart to the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, by not reflecting upon it, not turning to it, and not frequently reciting it.
[Az-Zukhruf 43:36] This is like His statement, the Exalted: [al-Nisa: 115],And as He, the Exalted, said: [al-Saff: 5],And as He, the Exalted, said: [Fussilat: 25],Meaning: meaning that whoever turns away from the Book of Allah, and from the guidance of Allah, then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, punishes him with the blindness of insight, and punishes him with bad companions from the devils of mankind and jinn who divert him from the truth.For this reason, He, Blessed and Exalted is He, said here: [al-Zukhruf: 37], meaning that this one who ignored the guidance, We assign for him from the devils one who misguides him and leads him to the path of Hellfire. So when he comes to Allah, Mighty and Majestic, on the Day of Resurrection, he will complain about the devil who was assigned to him.He said: [al-Zukhruf: 38],Meaning: the companion and the one who accompanies him. We ask Allah for well-being and safety.
[Exegesis of Surat al-Najm]
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted:[An-Najm 53:13] [al-Najm: 13-18].
Answer: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, mentioned this in the context of verses in which He praises His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and denies what the polytheists accused him of.
So His saying, the Exalted:[An-Najm 53:13] ،Its meaning is: That Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) saw Jibril in his original form in which he is, twice. Once in the highest horizon under the lowest heaven, and the second time above the seventh heaven on the night the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was taken on the night journey.And for this he said:[An-Najm 53:13]: Meaning Muhammad saw Jibril again descending to him.
[An-Najm 53:14]: It is a very great tree above the seventh heaven,It was named:; because what ascends from the earth ends there, and what descends from Allah, such as revelation and others, descends to it. Or because the knowledge of the created beings ends there, meaning that it is above the heavens and the earth, so it is the ultimate in height. Or for other reasons. So Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) saw Jibril in that place which is the abode of the noble upper spirits, which no devil or other foul spirit approaches.
At it: Meaning at that tree, meaning the Paradise that gathers all pleasure, such that it was a place where hopes end and desires aspire, and wishes seek refuge. And this is proof that Paradise is in the highest places and above the seventh heaven.
And his statement:[An-Najm 53:16]: Meaning it is covered by something great from the command of Allah, whose description no one knows except Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
[An-Najm 53:17]: Meaning the sight of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) did not deviate to the right or to the left from its objective.
: Meaning the sight did not exceed its limit.
And this is the perfection of his etiquette, may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him, that he stood in the position in which Allah placed him, and did not fall short of it, nor exceed it, nor deviate from it. And this is the most perfect of the great etiquette from him, in which he surpassed those before and those after. For negligence occurs in one of these matters: either the servant does not fulfill what he was commanded, or he fulfills it with negligence, or he fulfills it with excess, or he fulfills it by deviating to the right and left. And all these matters are absent from him (peace and blessings be upon him).
And his statement:[An-Najm 53:18]: Meaning from Paradise and Hellfire and other matters that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw when he was taken on the night journey. And Allah knows best.
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted:
And if Allah had extended [excessively] provision for His servants, they would have committed tyranny throughout the earth. But He sends [it] down in an amount which He wills
وَلَوْ بَسَطَ اللَّهُ الرِّزْقَ لِعِبَادِهِ لَبَغَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَكِنْ يُنَزِّلُ بِقَدَرٍ مَا يَشَاءُAnswer: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, makes it clear that if He had expanded the provision for His servants, they would have transgressed on earth.
And al-baghy: Transgression and tyranny; for when a person becomes wealthy, it leads him to arrogance and insolence.As Allah the Exalted said:
No! [But] indeed, man transgresses
كَلَّا إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لَيَطْغَى أَنْ رَآهُ اسْتَغْنَى[Exegesis of Surat al-Zukhruf]
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted:
And whoever is blinded from remembrance of the Most Merciful - We appoint for him a devil, and he is to him a companion.
وَمَنْ يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَانًا فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌAnswer: The meaning of the verse (and whoever turns a blind eye) is: he pretends to be blind, ignores, and turns away from the remembrance of the Most Merciful.And al-'ashi in the eye: Weakness of its sight.
And what is intended here is the blindness of insight,Meaning: the blindness of the heart to the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, by not reflecting upon it, not turning to it, and not frequently reciting it.
We appoint for him a devil, and he is to him a companion.
نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَانًا فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌAnd whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers - We will give him what he has taken
وَمَنْ يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَى وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّىAnd [mention, O Muhammad], when Moses said to his people, "O my people, why do you harm me while you certainly know that I am the messenger of Allah to you?" And when they deviated, Allah caused their hearts to deviate.
وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ يَاقَوْمِ لِمَ تُؤْذُونَنِي وَقَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ فَلَمَّا زَاغُوا أَزَاغَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْAnd We appointed for them companions who made attractive to them what was before them and what was behind them
وَقَيَّضْنَا لَهُمْ قُرَنَاءَ فَزَيَّنُوا لَهُمْ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْAnd indeed, the devils avert them from the way [of guidance] while they think that they are [rightly] guided
وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَOh, I wish there was between me and you the distance between the east and west - how wretched a companion."
يَالَيْتَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ بُعْدَ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ فَبِئْسَ الْقَرِينُ[Exegesis of Surat al-Najm]
Question: What is the meaning of the statement of Allah the Exalted:
And he certainly saw him in another descent
وَلَقَدْ رَآهُ نَزْلَةً أُخْرَى(14) At the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary - (15) Near it is the Garden of Refuge - (16) When there covered the Lote Tree that which covered [it]. (17) The sight [of the Prophet] did not swerve, nor did it transgress [its limit]. (18) He certainly saw of the greatest signs of his Lord.
عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَى عِنْدَهَا جَنَّةُ الْمَأْوَى إِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشَى مَا زَاغَ الْبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغَى لَقَدْ رَأَى مِنْ آيَاتِ رَبِّهِ الْكُبْرَىAnswer: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, mentioned this in the context of verses in which He praises His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and denies what the polytheists accused him of.
So His saying, the Exalted:
And he certainly saw him in another descent
وَلَقَدْ رَآهُ نَزْلَةً أُخْرَىAnd he certainly saw him in another descent
وَلَقَدْ رَآهُ نَزْلَةً أُخْرَىAt the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary -
عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَىThe Lote Tree of the Utmost Limit
سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَىAt it: Meaning at that tree
The Garden of Refuge
جَنَّةُ الْمَأْوَىAnd his statement:
When there covered the Lote Tree that which covered [it].
إِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشَىThe sight [of the Prophet] did not swerve
مَا زَاغَ الْبَصَرُand did not transgress
وَمَا طَغَىAnd this is the perfection of his etiquette, may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him, that he stood in the position in which Allah placed him, and did not fall short of it, nor exceed it, nor deviate from it. And this is the most perfect of the great etiquette from him, in which he surpassed those before and those after. For negligence occurs in one of these matters: either the servant does not fulfill what he was commanded, or he fulfills it with negligence, or he fulfills it with excess, or he fulfills it by deviating to the right and left. And all these matters are absent from him (peace and blessings be upon him).
And his statement: