What is the ruling on one who forgot to recite aloud in the loud prayer? Does he have to perform the prostration of forgetfulness?

The questioner : Regarding the loud prayer, he is the one who recites aloud. He only recited in a way that he heard it in his own heart. Is this considered a loud recitation that suffices, or does he have to do more? He thought he had made a mistake, but in the end, he remembered that it is a loud prayer in which he is supposed to recite aloud more than this. Does he have to perform two prostrations of forgetfulness?

The Shaykh : You have actually, now—and no blame for that—mixed two issues into one. So, limit the question: Do you say that he forgot to recite aloud, or that he did not forget to recite aloud? Then you ask: What is loud recitation and what is silent recitation? If you assume the question is that he forgot to recite aloud and instead recited silently, then the general text of the hadith applies to him. Because we do not have any incident from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) or any of his sayings that leads us to say: This person does not prostrate for this. So we return to the second issue: In silent recitation, it is required that he hear himself.

The questioner : Hear himself?

The Shaykh : He hears himself, of course. Because, of course, if he does not move his lips and does not move his tongue, it is not recitation. No letter can be pronounced without moving the lips and the tongue, so that the tongue takes its proper place for each letter. The taa has its place, the taa has its place, the 'ayn has its place, the ghayn likewise, and so on. So it is necessary to move the tongue and for the person to hear himself until it is said that he has recited. Consequently, his prayer is valid when he recites the opening of the Book, because as he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: So whoever does not move his tongue and his lips has not recited. Now, above silent recitation comes loud recitation with a moderate volume. This is heard by those around you who are close. But if there are people behind you, meaning far from you, you must raise your voice more than that. So here there are two cases: The case of one who forgot, and he has to prostrate. And the case of one who recited silently, meaning he recited in a low voice, and his prayer is valid. Otherwise, his prayer is invalid.