The Funeral Prayer, the Eclipse Prayer, and the Prayer for Rain
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Question: What are the words recited in the funeral prayer, the eclipse prayer, and the prayer for rain? We also ask that you guide us to a book from which we can benefit in learning these matters.
Answer: As for the book from which you learn these matters, the books of Islamic jurisprudence according to the four schools of jurisprudence are available, praise be to Allah, in both detailed and concise forms, so you can refer to them. There is also a book containing the dhikr recited in the funeral prayer, the eclipse prayer, and the prayer for rain, which is the book of Al-Adhkar by al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him); you can also refer to it. As for what is said in the funeral prayer, one says the takbir of entering prayer, then recites Surat al-Fatihah, then says takbir after reciting Surat al-Fatihah, and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as one does in the final tashahhud of the prayer: O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Ibrahim and upon the family of Ibrahim, for You are
Praiseworthy and Glorious,Then he says the third takbir and supplicates for the deceased: O Allah, forgive him, have mercy on him, grant him well-being, pardon him, honor his abode, widen his entrance, wash him with water, snow, and hail, and purify him from sins and errors, as a white garment is purified from dirt. Then one selects from the supplications for the deceased what has been transmitted, then says the fourth takbir and says the closing salam to the right once. This is what is said in the funeral prayer.
As for what is said in the eclipse prayer, one says the takbir of entering prayer, then recites Surat al-Fatihah and a long surah, such as Surat al-Baqarah, then bows in a long ruku', approximately the length of his standing,Then he raises his head and says: saying "Allah hears the one who praises Him," and recites Surat al-Fatihah and a long surah, though shorter than the first, then bows in a long ruku',Then he raises his head and says: saying "Allah hears the one who praises Him, our Lord, and to You is praise," then straightens up standing, then says takbir and prostrates two prostrations, then stands and prays the second unit like the first.
As for the prayer for rain, the imam prays two units before the sermon. It is recommended that he recite in the first unit Surat al-Fatihah and "Glory be to your Lord, the Most High,"And he recites in the second unit: and in the second unit Surat al-Fatihah and "Has there reached you the story of the Overwhelming?" Then, when he finishes the two units, the imam delivers a sermon, beginning it with takbir, praise of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), the two testimonies of faith, and sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he supplicates with whatever is easy of the supplications that include asking for rain, he increases in seeking forgiveness and repenting to Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He), and he reminds the attendees of repentance, seeking forgiveness, and asking for rain from Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He).
Answer: As for the book from which you learn these matters, the books of Islamic jurisprudence according to the four schools of jurisprudence are available, praise be to Allah, in both detailed and concise forms, so you can refer to them. There is also a book containing the dhikr recited in the funeral prayer, the eclipse prayer, and the prayer for rain, which is the book of Al-Adhkar by al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him); you can also refer to it. As for what is said in the funeral prayer, one says the takbir of entering prayer, then recites Surat al-Fatihah, then says takbir after reciting Surat al-Fatihah, and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as one does in the final tashahhud of the prayer: O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Ibrahim and upon the family of Ibrahim, for You are
Praiseworthy and Glorious,Then he says the third takbir and supplicates for the deceased: O Allah, forgive him, have mercy on him, grant him well-being, pardon him, honor his abode, widen his entrance, wash him with water, snow, and hail, and purify him from sins and errors, as a white garment is purified from dirt. Then one selects from the supplications for the deceased what has been transmitted, then says the fourth takbir and says the closing salam to the right once. This is what is said in the funeral prayer.
As for what is said in the eclipse prayer, one says the takbir of entering prayer, then recites Surat al-Fatihah and a long surah, such as Surat al-Baqarah, then bows in a long ruku', approximately the length of his standing,Then he raises his head and says: saying "Allah hears the one who praises Him," and recites Surat al-Fatihah and a long surah, though shorter than the first, then bows in a long ruku',Then he raises his head and says: saying "Allah hears the one who praises Him, our Lord, and to You is praise," then straightens up standing, then says takbir and prostrates two prostrations, then stands and prays the second unit like the first.
As for the prayer for rain, the imam prays two units before the sermon. It is recommended that he recite in the first unit Surat al-Fatihah and "Glory be to your Lord, the Most High,"And he recites in the second unit: and in the second unit Surat al-Fatihah and "Has there reached you the story of the Overwhelming?" Then, when he finishes the two units, the imam delivers a sermon, beginning it with takbir, praise of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), the two testimonies of faith, and sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he supplicates with whatever is easy of the supplications that include asking for rain, he increases in seeking forgiveness and repenting to Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He), and he reminds the attendees of repentance, seeking forgiveness, and asking for rain from Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He).