The Manner of the Eclipse and Funeral Prayers
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Question:
This is a question sent by the listener, Abdullah Ali Muqbil, who resides in Jizan. He says: We ask you to explain to us the manner of the eclipse prayer and the funeral prayer.
May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
As for the eclipse prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified it in the authentic hadiths, and he informed (peace and blessings be upon him):.
When that occurred during his time (peace and blessings be upon him), the sun was eclipsed during his time (peace and blessings be upon him), and he prayed with the people two rak'ahs. He said the takbir and recited al-Fatihah, and recited additional verses with it, and he lengthened (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he bowed for a long time, then he raised his head and recited al-Fatihah and another recitation, lengthening it, but less than the first. Then he bowed for a long time (peace and blessings be upon him), then he raised his head, but this bowing was less than the first bowing. Then he raised his head and lengthened the standing somewhat, but less than the first lengthening. Then he prostrated in two long prostrations (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he stood up and recited al-Fatihah and whatever was easy for him with it, lengthening it, but less than what came before in length. Then he bowed and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he raised his head and recited al-Fatihah, and with it additional verses, lengthening it, but less than what came before. Then he bowed and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he raised his head and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he prostrated in two long prostrations, then he recited the tashahhud, then he said the taslim. Then he delivered a sermon to the people and reminded them (peace and blessings be upon him).
So his prayer consisted of four bowings in two rak'ahs, and four prostrations. Each rak'ah had two bowings, two prostrations, and two recitations. Each rak'ah had two recitations, two bowings, and two prostrations.
It is narrated from him that he prayed with three bowings, four bowings, and five bowings in each rak'ah, but there is a concern regarding their authenticity. There is a concern among the scholars of knowledge regarding their validity. The most authentic and most established report in this matter is that he prayed two rak'ahs, with two recitations, two bowings, and two prostrations in each rak'ah. This is what is preserved in the two Sahihs and others.
So what is prescribed for the believers when an eclipse occurs among them—whether it is the sun or the moon—is that they pray two long rak'ahs, with two bowings, two recitations, and two prostrations in each rak'ah. For this reason, in the hadith of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) , it is said: When the sun was eclipsed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up in alarm (peace and blessings be upon him) and prayed it with the longest standing, the longest bowing, and the longest prostration (peace and blessings be upon him). Then when he finished... he said:As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 9:29 and he ordered the people to give charity, say the takbir, free slaves, and remember Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). And he said: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2313Hasan (Darussalam).
The presenter: Is the sermon not obligatory?
The Shaykh: The sermon is a recommended practice after finishing, after finishing the prayer. He reminds the people and clarifies to them that the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah, and that they do not eclipse for the death of any person or for his life, as some people of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance think. But they are two signs by which Allah frightens His servants. That is, this eclipse occurs for the sake of reminding, frightening, and alerting that this universe is in the hand of Allah, and He disposes of it as He wills (Glorified and Exalted is He) .
As for the funeral prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified its ruling and its manner by his action (peace and blessings be upon him). He would say the takbir and then recite al-Fatihah (peace and blessings be upon him), and recite whatever was easy for him with it, as established in the hadith of Ibn Abbas: a short surah or a verse or two verses. If he is content with al-Fatihah, that is sufficient. Then he says the takbir and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) like his sending of blessings in the prayer, the Ibrahimic prayer:Sahih al-Bukhari 3370 or another type of the types of sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). If he does that, it is sufficient from what is authentic from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Then he says the third takbir and supplicates for the deceased, and supplicates with what has come in the texts. Among that is:Sunan Ibn Majah 1498Hasan (Darussalam) O Allah, forgive him—if it is a man—or O Allah, forgive her if it is a woman. If he does not know, he says: O Allah, forgive him, meaning the deceased, or O Allah, forgive her, meaning the funeral. Sahih Muslim 963a, 963b, Sunan Ibn Majah 1498Hasan (Darussalam) And if he adds and says: Muwatta Malik 16:18, and he repeats that, this is good. Then he says the fourth takbir, saying: Allahu Akbar, and he stands for a little while after it, then he says the taslim with one salam to his right. This is the manner of the funeral prayer.
He says the first takbir and recites al-Fatihah, and whatever is easy for him with it. If he is content with al-Fatihah, that is sufficient. Then he says the second takbir and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) like his sending of blessings at the end of the prayer.
The presenter: The tashahhud, yes.
The Shaykh: Only the Ibrahimic prayer, without the tashahhud. Only the sending of blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, just as he does in the tashahhud of the prayer, in the final tashahhud after the tashahhud. Then he says the third takbir and supplicates with what was mentioned. If he is content with supplicating for the deceased only, he supplicates for the deceased only, he supplicates for the deceased only, and says the taslim, that is sufficient. But the recommended practice is to supplicate with what has come. Then he says the fourth takbir, then he says the taslim. He stands for a little while after the fourth, then he says the taslim with one salam to his right. This is what is preserved. This is the manner of the funeral prayer, yes.
This is a question sent by the listener, Abdullah Ali Muqbil, who resides in Jizan. He says: We ask you to explain to us the manner of the eclipse prayer and the funeral prayer.
May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
As for the eclipse prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified it in the authentic hadiths, and he informed (peace and blessings be upon him):
That the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah, and that they do not eclipse for the death of any person or for his life. Then he said: When you see that, pray and supplicate until it is removed from you.
أن الشمس والقمر آيتان من آيات الله، وأنهما لا ينخسفان لموت أحد من الناس ولا لحياته، ثم قال: فإذا رأيتم ذلك فصلوا، وادعوا حتى ينكشف ما بكمWhen that occurred during his time (peace and blessings be upon him), the sun was eclipsed during his time (peace and blessings be upon him), and he prayed with the people two rak'ahs. He said the takbir and recited al-Fatihah, and recited additional verses with it, and he lengthened (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he bowed for a long time, then he raised his head and recited al-Fatihah and another recitation, lengthening it, but less than the first. Then he bowed for a long time (peace and blessings be upon him), then he raised his head, but this bowing was less than the first bowing. Then he raised his head and lengthened the standing somewhat, but less than the first lengthening. Then he prostrated in two long prostrations (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he stood up and recited al-Fatihah and whatever was easy for him with it, lengthening it, but less than what came before in length. Then he bowed and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he raised his head and recited al-Fatihah, and with it additional verses, lengthening it, but less than what came before. Then he bowed and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he raised his head and lengthened it, but less than what came before. Then he prostrated in two long prostrations, then he recited the tashahhud, then he said the taslim. Then he delivered a sermon to the people and reminded them (peace and blessings be upon him).
So his prayer consisted of four bowings in two rak'ahs, and four prostrations. Each rak'ah had two bowings, two prostrations, and two recitations. Each rak'ah had two recitations, two bowings, and two prostrations.
It is narrated from him that he prayed with three bowings, four bowings, and five bowings in each rak'ah, but there is a concern regarding their authenticity. There is a concern among the scholars of knowledge regarding their validity. The most authentic and most established report in this matter is that he prayed two rak'ahs, with two recitations, two bowings, and two prostrations in each rak'ah. This is what is preserved in the two Sahihs and others.
So what is prescribed for the believers when an eclipse occurs among them—whether it is the sun or the moon—is that they pray two long rak'ahs, with two bowings, two recitations, and two prostrations in each rak'ah. For this reason, in the hadith of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) , it is said: When the sun was eclipsed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up in alarm (peace and blessings be upon him) and prayed it with the longest standing, the longest bowing, and the longest prostration (peace and blessings be upon him). Then when he finished... he said:
When you see that, turn to the remembrance of Allah, and to His supplication and seeking of His forgiveness.
إذا رأيتم ذلك فافزعوا إلى ذكر الله، وإلى دعائه واستغفارهIf you knew what I know, then you would laugh little and you would cry much.
لو تعلمون ما أعلم لضحكتم قليلًا، ولبكيتم كثيرًاThe presenter: Is the sermon not obligatory?
The Shaykh: The sermon is a recommended practice after finishing, after finishing the prayer. He reminds the people and clarifies to them that the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah, and that they do not eclipse for the death of any person or for his life, as some people of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance think. But they are two signs by which Allah frightens His servants. That is, this eclipse occurs for the sake of reminding, frightening, and alerting that this universe is in the hand of Allah, and He disposes of it as He wills (Glorified and Exalted is He) .
As for the funeral prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified its ruling and its manner by his action (peace and blessings be upon him). He would say the takbir and then recite al-Fatihah (peace and blessings be upon him), and recite whatever was easy for him with it, as established in the hadith of Ibn Abbas: a short surah or a verse or two verses. If he is content with al-Fatihah, that is sufficient. Then he says the takbir and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) like his sending of blessings in the prayer, the Ibrahimic prayer:
Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.
اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيدThen he says the third takbir and supplicates for the deceased, and supplicates with what has come in the texts. Among that is:
Allahummaghfir lihayyina wa mayyitina, wa shahidina wa gha’ibina, wa saghirina wa kabirina, wa dhakarina wa unthana. Allahumma man ahyaitahu minna fa'ahyihi ‘alal-Islam, wa man tawaffaytahu minna fa tawaffahu ‘alal- iman.
اللهم اغفر لحينا وميتنا، وشاهدنا وغائبنا، وصغيرنا وكبيرنا، وذكرنا وإنثانا، اللهم من أحييته منا فأحيه على الإسلام، ومن توفيته منا فتوفه على الإيمانO Allah! forgive him, have mercy upon him, give him peace and absolve him. Receive him with honour and make his grave spacious; wash him with water, snow and hail. Cleanse him from faults as Thou wouldst cleanse a white garment from impurity.
اللهم اغفر له وارحمه، وعافه واعف عنه، وأكرم نزله، ووسع مدخله، واغسله بالماء والثلج والبرد، ونقه من الخطايا كما ينقى الثوب الأبيض من الدنسO Allah, do not deprive us of his reward, and do not let us go astray after him
اللهم لا تحرمنا أجره، ولا تضلنا بعده، واغفر لنا ولهO Allah, if he acted well, then increase for him his good action, and if he acted wrongly, then overlook his wrong actions.
اللهم إن كان محسنًا فزد في إحسانه، وإن كان مسيئًا فتجاوز عن سيئاته، اللهم اغفر له وثبته بالقول الثابتHe says the first takbir and recites al-Fatihah, and whatever is easy for him with it. If he is content with al-Fatihah, that is sufficient. Then he says the second takbir and sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) like his sending of blessings at the end of the prayer.
The presenter: The tashahhud, yes.
The Shaykh: Only the Ibrahimic prayer, without the tashahhud. Only the sending of blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, just as he does in the tashahhud of the prayer, in the final tashahhud after the tashahhud. Then he says the third takbir and supplicates with what was mentioned. If he is content with supplicating for the deceased only, he supplicates for the deceased only, he supplicates for the deceased only, and says the taslim, that is sufficient. But the recommended practice is to supplicate with what has come. Then he says the fourth takbir, then he says the taslim. He stands for a little while after the fourth, then he says the taslim with one salam to his right. This is what is preserved. This is the manner of the funeral prayer, yes.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.