What is the ruling on the prayer of the festival, and is it a collective obligation or an individual obligation, with mention of the evidence?
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The questioner : Noble Shaykh, what is the ruling on the prayer of the festival? Is it a collective obligation or an individual obligation, and what is the evidence for it being a collective obligation?
The Shaykh : Yes, regarding the prayer of the festival, there are three opinions among the scholars, one of which is:
That it is a recommended practice (sunnah), because the Bedouin asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he informed him about the five prayers, saying:Sunan an-Nasa'i 458Sahih (Darussalam).
Some of them said: It is a collective obligation, and they said: It is among the apparent symbols of Islam. Therefore, it is performed in congregation and in the open desert. And whatever is among the apparent symbols of Islam is a collective obligation, such as the call to prayer (adhan), for example.
Some of them said: It is an individual obligation, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) commanded it, even for menstruating women, women in their seclusion, and young girls. He commanded them to go out to the place of prayer for the festival. This opinion is the closest of the opinions, and it is the choice of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) that it is an individual obligation. However, if it is missed, it is not made up. That is to say, if you arrive and the imam has already concluded the prayer, you do not make it up, because it is like the Friday prayer, which is not made up. But the Friday prayer has a substitute, which is the midday prayer (Zuhr), because this time requires a prayer.
As for the festival, there is no report from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that it has a substitute.
This opinion is the closest of the opinions, and that a capable person who does not go out with the Muslims to pray is sinful. Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, regarding the prayer of the festival, there are three opinions among the scholars, one of which is:
That it is a recommended practice (sunnah), because the Bedouin asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he informed him about the five prayers, saying:
Do I have to do anything else?' He said: 'No, unless you do it voluntarily.'
هل علي غيرها ؟ قال : لا، إلا أن تطَّوعSome of them said: It is a collective obligation, and they said: It is among the apparent symbols of Islam. Therefore, it is performed in congregation and in the open desert. And whatever is among the apparent symbols of Islam is a collective obligation, such as the call to prayer (adhan), for example.
Some of them said: It is an individual obligation, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) commanded it, even for menstruating women, women in their seclusion, and young girls. He commanded them to go out to the place of prayer for the festival. This opinion is the closest of the opinions, and it is the choice of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) that it is an individual obligation. However, if it is missed, it is not made up. That is to say, if you arrive and the imam has already concluded the prayer, you do not make it up, because it is like the Friday prayer, which is not made up. But the Friday prayer has a substitute, which is the midday prayer (Zuhr), because this time requires a prayer.
As for the festival, there is no report from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that it has a substitute.
This opinion is the closest of the opinions, and that a capable person who does not go out with the Muslims to pray is sinful. Yes.