Continuation of the commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: (( So ask them )) He inquired of the disbelievers of Makkah.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
In the terminology of jurists, it is the declaration of a legal ruling. Here, the intended meaning is not the legal fatwa, but rather the linguistic meaning of fatwa, which means to inquire of them and ask them. So they will say, "Are they more powerful, or He Who created is more powerful?" He Who created is more powerful. Everyone knows that the creation of the heavens and the earth is greater than the creation of people. Likewise, those who believe in the unseen acknowledge that what is hidden from us of Allah's creations is greater than what we witness, except for one who wants to be stubborn and say, "I am more powerful in creation," as the Shaytan said to Allah the Exalted and Majestic: [Al-A'raf 7:12] And as Pharaoh said to his people.
أَمْ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِّنْ هَذَا الَّذِي هُوَ مَهِينٌ وَلا يَكَادُ يُبِينُ 52 وقال أنا ربكم الأعلى وإلا فكل يعلم أن المخلوقات العظيمة في السماوات والأرض والشمس والقمر أعظم من خلق الإنسان ولهذا قال تعالى إنا خلقناهم قال المؤلف وفي الإتيان بمن تغليب للعقلاء كيف ؟ الإتيان بمن في قوله أمن خلقنا ولم يقل أما خلقنا تغليبا للعقلاء. وذلك أن ما خلقه الله عز وجل فيهم العقلاء وفيهم غير العقلاء يعني فيهم من يعقل وفيهم من لا يعقل فالملائكة والجن يعقلون والبهائم والجمادات لا تعقل وإن كانت البهائم أقرب إلى العقل من الجمادات ومع هذا كل هذه الأشياء لها عقل تدرك به خالقها عز وجل كما قال الله تعالى تسبح له السماوات السبع والأرض ومن فيهن وإن من شيء إلا يسبح بحمده ولكن لا تفقهون تسبيحهم وأخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن أحدا يحب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم والنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يحبه
قال إنا خلقناهم " أي أصلهم من طين لازب لازم يلصق باليد " المعنى أن خلقهم ضعيف فلا يتكبروا لإنكار النبي والقرآن المؤدي إلى هلاكهم اليسير طيب لم قال أهم أشد خلقا أم خلقنا بين أصل خلقهم ليتبين هل هم أشد أم من خلق الله والحقيقة أن الجملة أهم أشد خلقا أمن خلقنا تحتاج إلى وقفة بالنسبة للإعراب فمن يعربها ؟
الطالب:...
الشيخ : الهمزة للاستفهام وهم مبتدأ وأشد خبر
الشيخ : لا لا عبد الله
الطالب:...
الشيخ : تمييز لأن أفعل إذا جاء الاسم بعدها منصوبا فهو تمييز أنا أكثر منك مالا مالا نقول فيها تمييز وأعز نفرا كذلك نقول فيها تمييز فإذا جاء الاسم منصوبا بعد اسم التفضيل فهو تمييز وأما أمن خلقنا فهذا هو المعادل ولهذا الهمزة هنا للتسوية يعني أيستوي هم ومن خلقنا؟ والجواب لا يستوون بل من خلق الله أعظم
الطالب: وَإِذَا رَأَوْا آيَةً يَسْتَسْخِرُونَ 14 وَقَالُوا إِنْ هَذَا إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ 15 أَئِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَئِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ 16 أَوَآبَاؤُنَا الأَوَّلُونَ 17 قُلْ نَعَمْ وَأَنتُمْ دَاخِرُونَ 18.
Or am I better than this one who is contemptible and can barely speak clearly? 52 And he said, "I am your Lord, the Most High." Otherwise, everyone knows that the great creations in the heavens and the earth, and the sun and the moon, are greater than the creation of man. For this reason, He the Exalted said, "Indeed, We created them." The author said, "And in the coming with 'who' (man), the rational beings are given precedence." How? The coming with "who" in the phrase "or He Who created us" and not saying "or what We created" is giving precedence to the rational beings. This is because what Allah the Exalted and Majestic created among them includes rational beings and non-rational beings; that is, among them are those who have intellect and those who do not. The angels and the jinn have intellect, while animals and inanimate objects do not, even though animals are closer to intellect than inanimate objects. And yet, all these things have an intellect by which they perceive their Creator, the Exalted and Majestic, as Allah the Exalted said: "The seven heavens and the earth and all that is between them glorify Him, and there is nothing that does not glorify His praise, but you do not understand their glorification." And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed that no one loves the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) loves him. He said, "Indeed, We created them," meaning their origin, "from sticky clay that adheres to the hand." The meaning is that their creation is weak, so they should not be arrogant by rejecting the Prophet and the Qur'an, which leads to their slight destruction. Now, why did He say, "Are they more powerful in creation, or He Who created us?" To clarify the origin of their creation so that it becomes clear whether they are more powerful or He Who created is more powerful. The truth is that the sentence "Are they more powerful in creation, or He Who created us" requires a pause regarding its grammatical parsing. Who will parse it? The student: ... The Shaykh: The hamza is for interrogation, and "they" (hum) is the subject, and "more powerful" (ashadd) is the predicate. The Shaykh: No, no, Abdullah. The student: ... The Shaykh: It is a specification (tamyiz), because when a name comes after the superlative adjective in the accusative case, it is a specification. "I have more wealth than you"—we call wealth a specification. "And a more noble group"—likewise, we call it a specification. So when a name in the accusative case comes after the superlative adjective, it is a specification. As for "or He Who created us," this is the equivalent. Therefore, the hamza here is for equating, meaning, "Are they equal to He Who created us?" And the answer is, they are not equal; rather, He Who created is greater. The student: And when they saw a sign, they used to mock it. 14 And they said, "This is not but an evident magic." 15 "If we die and become dust and bones, are we then to be resurrected?" 16 "Or our former fathers?" 17 "Say: Yes, and you will be humbled." 18.
Or am I better than this one who is contemptible and can barely speak clearly?
أهم أشد خلقا أمن خلقناI am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay."
أنا خير منه خلقتني من نار وخلقته من طينأَمْ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِّنْ هَذَا الَّذِي هُوَ مَهِينٌ وَلا يَكَادُ يُبِينُ 52 وقال أنا ربكم الأعلى وإلا فكل يعلم أن المخلوقات العظيمة في السماوات والأرض والشمس والقمر أعظم من خلق الإنسان ولهذا قال تعالى إنا خلقناهم قال المؤلف وفي الإتيان بمن تغليب للعقلاء كيف ؟ الإتيان بمن في قوله أمن خلقنا ولم يقل أما خلقنا تغليبا للعقلاء. وذلك أن ما خلقه الله عز وجل فيهم العقلاء وفيهم غير العقلاء يعني فيهم من يعقل وفيهم من لا يعقل فالملائكة والجن يعقلون والبهائم والجمادات لا تعقل وإن كانت البهائم أقرب إلى العقل من الجمادات ومع هذا كل هذه الأشياء لها عقل تدرك به خالقها عز وجل كما قال الله تعالى تسبح له السماوات السبع والأرض ومن فيهن وإن من شيء إلا يسبح بحمده ولكن لا تفقهون تسبيحهم وأخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن أحدا يحب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم والنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يحبه
قال إنا خلقناهم " أي أصلهم من طين لازب لازم يلصق باليد " المعنى أن خلقهم ضعيف فلا يتكبروا لإنكار النبي والقرآن المؤدي إلى هلاكهم اليسير طيب لم قال أهم أشد خلقا أم خلقنا بين أصل خلقهم ليتبين هل هم أشد أم من خلق الله والحقيقة أن الجملة أهم أشد خلقا أمن خلقنا تحتاج إلى وقفة بالنسبة للإعراب فمن يعربها ؟
الطالب:...
الشيخ : الهمزة للاستفهام وهم مبتدأ وأشد خبر
الشيخ : لا لا عبد الله
الطالب:...
الشيخ : تمييز لأن أفعل إذا جاء الاسم بعدها منصوبا فهو تمييز أنا أكثر منك مالا مالا نقول فيها تمييز وأعز نفرا كذلك نقول فيها تمييز فإذا جاء الاسم منصوبا بعد اسم التفضيل فهو تمييز وأما أمن خلقنا فهذا هو المعادل ولهذا الهمزة هنا للتسوية يعني أيستوي هم ومن خلقنا؟ والجواب لا يستوون بل من خلق الله أعظم
الطالب: وَإِذَا رَأَوْا آيَةً يَسْتَسْخِرُونَ 14 وَقَالُوا إِنْ هَذَا إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ 15 أَئِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَئِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ 16 أَوَآبَاؤُنَا الأَوَّلُونَ 17 قُلْ نَعَمْ وَأَنتُمْ دَاخِرُونَ 18.
Or am I better than this one who is contemptible and can barely speak clearly? 52 And he said, "I am your Lord, the Most High." Otherwise, everyone knows that the great creations in the heavens and the earth, and the sun and the moon, are greater than the creation of man. For this reason, He the Exalted said, "Indeed, We created them." The author said, "And in the coming with 'who' (man), the rational beings are given precedence." How? The coming with "who" in the phrase "or He Who created us" and not saying "or what We created" is giving precedence to the rational beings. This is because what Allah the Exalted and Majestic created among them includes rational beings and non-rational beings; that is, among them are those who have intellect and those who do not. The angels and the jinn have intellect, while animals and inanimate objects do not, even though animals are closer to intellect than inanimate objects. And yet, all these things have an intellect by which they perceive their Creator, the Exalted and Majestic, as Allah the Exalted said: "The seven heavens and the earth and all that is between them glorify Him, and there is nothing that does not glorify His praise, but you do not understand their glorification." And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed that no one loves the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) loves him. He said, "Indeed, We created them," meaning their origin, "from sticky clay that adheres to the hand." The meaning is that their creation is weak, so they should not be arrogant by rejecting the Prophet and the Qur'an, which leads to their slight destruction. Now, why did He say, "Are they more powerful in creation, or He Who created us?" To clarify the origin of their creation so that it becomes clear whether they are more powerful or He Who created is more powerful. The truth is that the sentence "Are they more powerful in creation, or He Who created us" requires a pause regarding its grammatical parsing. Who will parse it? The student: ... The Shaykh: The hamza is for interrogation, and "they" (hum) is the subject, and "more powerful" (ashadd) is the predicate. The Shaykh: No, no, Abdullah. The student: ... The Shaykh: It is a specification (tamyiz), because when a name comes after the superlative adjective in the accusative case, it is a specification. "I have more wealth than you"—we call wealth a specification. "And a more noble group"—likewise, we call it a specification. So when a name in the accusative case comes after the superlative adjective, it is a specification. As for "or He Who created us," this is the equivalent. Therefore, the hamza here is for equating, meaning, "Are they equal to He Who created us?" And the answer is, they are not equal; rather, He Who created is greater. The student: And when they saw a sign, they used to mock it. 14 And they said, "This is not but an evident magic." 15 "If we die and become dust and bones, are we then to be resurrected?" 16 "Or our former fathers?" 17 "Say: Yes, and you will be humbled." 18.