What is the criterion for distinguishing an attribute from a name and a verb?
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The questioner : ... O Shaykh, the criterion for knowing... the attributes that are attributed to Allah: are they names, attributes, or actions?
The Shaykh : Yes. If a thing is derived, it is either a name or an attribute, meaning it is merely described by that description. However, if it is an attribute, it cannot be a name. For example, the will of Allah and the decree of Allah cannot be names because they are descriptions. This is indicated by the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Kahf 18:58], meaning the Owner of Mercy. And it may be intended, yes, this is it. The difference between a name and an attribute is that if what is attributed to Allah is an attribute, it is not a name. If it is derived, it may be a name or merely a report. So if I say that Allah is a Speaker, we do not say that "the Speaker" is one of the names of Allah, but rather that it is a report and a description of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes. If a thing is derived, it is either a name or an attribute, meaning it is merely described by that description. However, if it is an attribute, it cannot be a name. For example, the will of Allah and the decree of Allah cannot be names because they are descriptions. This is indicated by the saying of Allah the Exalted:
