Explanation of the Book of Prayer-19

The Shaykh :"And it is from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him)" We begin the lesson now: "And it is from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), traced to the Prophet, found in the five books, and in it:

Containing the words: He (ﷺ) used to say after the (opening) Takbir (for prayer), "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing and the All-Knowing from the accursed devil, from his madness or evil suggestion (Hamz), from his puffing up (Nafkh), and from his witchcraft (Nafth)."

وكان يقول بعد التكبير: أعوذ بالله السميع العليم من الشيطان الرجيم من همزه ، ونفخه ، ونفثه

Bulugh al-Maram 2:153

".
"A'udhu" means "I take refuge," and taking refuge is only from what is feared and disliked. As for "aludhu," it is for what is hoped for and expected. So, "a'udhu" is fleeing, and "aludhu" is approaching, because "a'udhu" is from what?
The student: From what is feared and guarded against.

The Shaykh : From what is feared, and the second is from what is desired. And on this is the saying of the poet:
"O He in whom I take refuge in what I hope for *** And in whom I seek refuge from what I fear
O He in whom I take refuge in what I hope for *** And in whom I seek refuge from what I fear
People will not force a bone that you are breaking, *** nor will they weaken a bone that you are strengthening.
And he is addressing a human being with what is not fitting except for?
The student: For Allah.

The Shaykh : For Allah (Mighty and Majestic), but this is a defect of the poets; they exaggerate in criticism and exaggerate in praise. So, "I seek refuge in Allah" means "I take refuge in Him." "The All-Hearing" means the One who possesses hearing. And the hearing of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) is of two types: hearing of response and hearing of perception. And in this, it includes both matters. I think the details do not need to be repeated because they are known to you. The All-Hearing
The All-Knowing: means the One who possesses knowledge. And the knowledge of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) encompasses everything in general and in detail, past, future, and present. Verses affirming knowledge for Allah are many, and it is one of the attributes of perfection. These two names were mentioned because "The All-Hearing," meaning response, is perfectly suitable for your saying "I seek refuge," and "The All-Knowing" is also suitable for your saying "I seek refuge," because there is no protector except that He has knowledge of how to protect.
From the accursed Shaytan: Shaytan is Iblis, derived from "shatana" meaning to be distant, because he, I mean Shaytan, is distant from the mercy of Allah, may Allah protect us from that. And it indicates that it is derived from "shatana" that it is a noun that does not take the accusative case, as He (Mighty and Majestic) said: What? Mureed or Rajim
The student:

The Shaykh : So, it is derived from "shatana" meaning to be distant, due to his distance from the mercy of Allah. And what is meant by it is the species, not the specific Shaytan who refused to prostrate to Adam. And his saying "the accursed" can be understood as meaning "the pelted one," and it can be understood as meaning "the peltor," because "fa'il" can mean "fa'il" (active) and it can mean what?
The student: Maf'ul (passive).

The Shaykh : Maf'ul (passive). And on this basis, we say: if it means "the peltor," the meaning is that he pelts the children of Adam with sins and compels them to them. And if we say it means "the pelted one," it is because he is expelled and driven away from the mercy of Allah (Mighty and Majestic).
From his whispering, his blowing, and his spitting: these are three things: whispering, the second is blowing, and the third is...
The student: And spitting.

The Shaykh : And spitting, in my opinion, and his blowing and his spitting. Whispering: it is said that it is a name for madness, because Shaytan may afflict a person with madness. As for blowing, it is arrogance, and its derivation is apparent, because when a person is afflicted with arrogance, may Allah protect us from that, he swells up. So, Shaytan blows into the person until he becomes arrogant. As for spitting, it is said that it is poetry, because the poets are followed by?
The student: The astray.

The Shaykh : The astray. Allah (Mighty and Majestic) said: There is a possibility in my mind, but I have not seen it, that the meaning of whispering is the light touch that leads a person to sin, and blowing is the intensity of commanding sin, and spitting is stronger, but I have not seen this. And whoever has looked into it in books of language or the strange words of hadith, let him inform us of it. As for the famous view, it is as you heard first. If... a person does this, there is no harm. And his saying: means after the takbir and the opening supplication. And we only needed this estimation because seeking refuge is only at the time of recitation, and recitation does not occur except after the opening supplication.