Chapters on Salam, Loans, and Pledges.
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The Shaykh : Then the author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Chapters on Salam, Loans, and Pledges": Chapters on Salam, how did he say: "Chapters on Salam": and Salam does not have but one chapter?
We say: It is pluralized considering that it encompasses three chapters of the chapters of knowledge, which are Salam, loans, and pledges. So let us begin first with Salam. What is it?
Salam in language: It appears to me that it is a verbal noun from taslim (delivery), it is said: salima tasliman and salman, and it is possible that it is a verb meaning passive, i.e., delivered, and it is said in another language: al-salaf al-salaf, which is the language of the Iraqis, and it is derived from aslafa, meaning: to advance, and both mean advancing: "So it is advancing the consideration and delaying the considered", advancing the consideration and delaying the considered, this is Salam in language, that you advance the consideration and delay the considered, how are the consideration and the considered?
I wanted to buy one hundred sa' of wheat, so I came to a farmer and said: Sell me one hundred sa' of wheat. He said: I do not have wheat now, wait until the time of harvest comes. I said: Okay, I will wait. He said: Give me dirhams, I am in need now. So I gave him dirhams, and I wrote between me and him, this is called Salam. What was advanced in it?
The student: The price.
The Shaykh : The price or the consideration, and he delayed the considered, which is the priced item. And the jurists said: It is a contract on a described item in the debt.
We say: It is pluralized considering that it encompasses three chapters of the chapters of knowledge, which are Salam, loans, and pledges. So let us begin first with Salam. What is it?
Salam in language: It appears to me that it is a verbal noun from taslim (delivery), it is said: salima tasliman and salman, and it is possible that it is a verb meaning passive, i.e., delivered, and it is said in another language: al-salaf al-salaf, which is the language of the Iraqis, and it is derived from aslafa, meaning: to advance, and both mean advancing: "So it is advancing the consideration and delaying the considered", advancing the consideration and delaying the considered, this is Salam in language, that you advance the consideration and delay the considered, how are the consideration and the considered?
I wanted to buy one hundred sa' of wheat, so I came to a farmer and said: Sell me one hundred sa' of wheat. He said: I do not have wheat now, wait until the time of harvest comes. I said: Okay, I will wait. He said: Give me dirhams, I am in need now. So I gave him dirhams, and I wrote between me and him, this is called Salam. What was advanced in it?
The student: The price.
The Shaykh : The price or the consideration, and he delayed the considered, which is the priced item. And the jurists said: It is a contract on a described item in the debt.