Commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: ((Or)) rather ((for them)) for the disbelievers of Makkah ((are partners)) they are their devils ((who have prescribed)) meaning the partners ((for them))

The Shaykh : Or do they have partners? The commentator said: "

or

أم

means rather" He indicated by this that the "am" here is disconnected, and the disconnected "am" is the one that comes with the meaning of "bal" (rather) and the interrogative hamza, meaning: Rather, do they have partners?
The author said: "

Their.

لهم

for the disbelievers of Makkah" And the correct view is that it is broader than that, meaning that all the polytheists have partners whom they set alongside Allah (Mighty and Majestic) to prescribe for them from the religion what Allah has not authorized. He said: "They are their devils

They prescribed

شرعوا

meaning the partners

Their.

لهم

meaning for the disbelievers" Here he said: for the disbelievers, and previously he said: the disbelievers of Makkah, so the "al" in his speech is for the definite reference. "

of the religion

من الدين

the corrupt one, what Allah has not authorized, such as shirk and denial of the resurrection" And this interrogative here means the denial of them taking these as partners who prescribe for them from the religion what Allah has not authorized. And his saying: The intended meaning of "authorization" here is legal authorization, because authorization can be by divine decree (qadri) or legal (shar'i). What relates to command and prohibition is legal, and what relates to creation and constitution is by divine decree. So His saying, the Exalted: Does it mean legal authorization or by divine decree? It is possible for both. Meaning that He authorizes by decree that they intercede, or He authorizes legally. And His saying, the Exalted: is authorization by divine decree, because Allah the Exalted does not authorize legally that sorcerers harm anyone. And here: meaning what He has not authorized legally, but by decree He has authorized it because it occurred, and everything that occurs is authorized by decree, because it is not possible for anything to occur in the dominion of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) that He has not authorized by decree. And among that, meaning among what they prescribed that Allah has not authorized, is making lawful what Allah has forbidden or forbidding what Allah has made lawful. For this reason, Allah (Exalted and Exalted is He) made those who forbid what He has made lawful and make lawful what He has forbidden into lords, as in His saying, the Exalted: 'Adi ibn Hatim said to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): We do not worship them. He said: He said: Yes. He said: meaning their obedience.
"

But if not for the decisive word

ولولا كلمة الفصل

[Ash-Shuraa 42:21]

meaning the prior decree that the recompense is on the Day of Resurrection

judgment would have been rendered between them

لقضي بينهم

and the believers by tormenting them in this world

And indeed the wrongdoers

وإن الظالمين

the disbelievers

for them is a painful punishment

لهم عذاب أليم

[Al-Baqarah 2:10]

painful", If not for this, the grammarians say: it is a particle of prevention due to non-existence. What was prevented in this verse? The judgment between them. And what exists? The decisive word. Know that "lawla" (if not for) is a particle of prevention due to non-existence, and "lamma" is a particle of existence due to existence, and "law" is a particle of prevention due to prevention. So these three tools divided the three meanings: "law" is a particle of prevention due to prevention, you say: If you had visited me, I would have honored you. Here, the honor was prevented due to the prevention of the visit. And you say: When I saw you, I honored you. Here, the honor existed due to the existence of the sight. And you say: If not for Zayd, I would have done such and such. This is a particle of prevention due to non-existence. And it is the prior word of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) by which He decreed that for every thing there is a measured term. This word which Allah (Mighty and Majestic) made for every thing a measured term. If not for this, Allah would have judged between them and the believers by hastening the torment for them.