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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling on one who swears an oath regarding something he believes to be the reality (based on the preponderance of evidence)?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner : ... ؟

The Shaykh : If a person swears by Allah regarding something he believes to be the reality, there is no blame on him, even if the matter turns out to be otherwise. If you swear regarding something based on your belief, there is no sin on you, even if the matter turns out to be otherwise. This is why the man who came complaining that he had intercourse with his wife during the day of Ramadan said:
Take this basket and give it in charity خذ هذا فتصدق به
Sahih al-Bukhari 6711
. He said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Is there anyone poorer than me? By Allah, there is no household between these two banks poorer than mine." Did he go and count all the households? No, he did not count all the households, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) accepted his statement. Likewise, in the chapter of qasamah (oath-taking in blood cases), in the chapter of blood money, you may know the chapter of qasamah: the claimants swear fifty oaths that so-and-so is the one who killed our companion, and they did not witness it or see it, but based on the circumstances. Yes, that is correct.

The questioner : ...

The Shaykh : Yes, we say: the alternative is that instead of dealing with riba (usury or interest), you deal with something other than riba. How many sales are there that are multiples of multiples of riba and are permissible?

The questioner : He has vast wealth; if he abandons riba, it will all be lost.

The Shaykh : Let it be lost. Praise be to Allah, perhaps he buys the commodity today for a certain value, and after a week or two weeks it increases...
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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