Explanation of the author's statement and his saying: (And say: Praise be to Allah, Who has not taken a son, nor has He had a partner in the dominion, nor has He had a protector from humiliation, and He has magnified Him with great magnification)
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The Shaykh : Then he said: [Al-Isra 17:111] The address is to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) or to everyone to whom the address can be directed. Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : I say this or that: if it is for the Messenger, then others follow him; and if it is general, it includes the Messenger and others. We have previously explained this phrase, and that praise is describing the one being praised with perfection, accompanied by love and exaltation. This is praise: describing the one being praised with perfection, accompanied by love and exaltation. Good. And his saying: The letter "lam" here is for entitlement and exclusivity. It is for entitlement because Allah the Exalted is praised, and He is worthy of praise. And it is for exclusivity because the praise by which Allah is praised is not like the praise by which others are praised; rather, it is more perfect and greater. And his saying: [Al-Isra 17:111] This is from the attributes of what?
The student: The negative ones.
The Shaykh : The negative ones.[Al-Isra 17:111] Because of the perfection of His attributes and the perfection of His self-sufficiency regarding others, and because He has no equal. If He had taken a son, the son would be like Him. If He had taken a son, He would need the son to help and support Him. If He had a son, He would be deficient, because if anyone among His creation resembled Him, that would be a deficiency. And his saying: It includes both male and female. In this is a refutation of the Jews, the Christians, and the polytheists. The Jews said that Allah has a son, and that is Uzayr. The Christians said that Allah has a son, and that is the Messiah. And the polytheists said that Allah has sons, and they are the angels. Yes.
The student: Daughters.
The Shaykh : Yes, daughters are offspring, my brother. Daughters are offspring. And for this reason,[Al-Isra 17:111] it includes both sons and daughters.
Good.[Al-Isra 17:111] Yes. This is conjoined to his saying: [Al-Isra 17:111] Meaning, and He has not had a partner in the dominion, neither in creation, nor in dominion, nor in management. Everything other than Allah is owned by Allah, created for Him, and He disposes of it as He wills. Has anyone shared with Him in that? No. [Saba 34:22] Independently. [Saba 34:22] In the sense of commonality.
The third:[Saba 34:22] No one assisted Him in these heavens and the earth.
And the fourth:[Saba 34:23] And by this, all the means by which the polytheists cling to their gods are cut off. These gods do not possess [dominion], are not partners to Allah, are not helpers, and are not intercessors. Yes. He says: [Al-Isra 17:111] And it has passed us in what came before, an objection and its answer, which is that Allah the Exalted affirmed dominion for the creation in His saying: [An-Nur 24:61] [Al-Mu'minun 23:6] And we answered that this dominion is limited in terms of comprehensiveness and generality, and in terms of authority. In terms of comprehensiveness and generality, because the dominion of a man is...
The student: Transient.
The Shaykh : Limited. I own this bag, but I do not own this recorder, for example. So my dominion is limited. And Allah the Exalted owns everything. Also, the dominion of a man is limited in terms of authority. So a man does not have the right to dispose of his property as he wishes, but he only disposes of it... what? According to the permission of the Shari'ah. Do you see if a man is sick with a terminal illness and gives half of his wealth to someone other than the heirs, is that permissible?
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : It is not permissible. And if he had absolute dominion, it would be permissible. If he gathered all the dinars he had and said, "I will set fire to them"? Why, my son? He said, "I want to see what happens if the gold... I want to see how it turns out. Does he own this?"
The student: He does not own it.
The Shaykh : How does he not own it?
The student: He does not own it.
The Shaykh : Is it prevented? Yes. Why? Because this is foolishness. So our dominion is limited. Our dominion is limited. So Allah is the One who has absolute dominion.
[Al-Isra 17:111] See, He has not had a protector, but He qualified it with His saying: and Here it is for the reason, because Allah the Exalted has awliya (close friends of Allah). [Yunus 10:62] And Allah the Exalted said in the Qudsi Hadith: Sahih al-Bukhari 6502 So Allah has awliya, but do these awliya protect Allah when He is humiliated? The answer is...
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, He does not. So He does not need anyone, as Allah the Exalted said in the Qudsi Hadith:Sahih Muslim 2577a And nothing harms Allah. Yes. [Ali 'Imran 3:97] Not just from them, but from all the worlds, even the Muslims. Allah the Exalted is self-sufficient regarding them. And for this reason, He says: [Al-Isra 17:111] As for other than humiliation, Allah has awliya. Good. Do the idols worshipped besides Allah have awliya?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, they have awliya who defend them and fight for them, while they cannot defend themselves, as Allah the Exalted said:[Ya-Sin 36:75] These are soldiers for these idols, but the idols do not benefit them. [Ya-Sin 36:75] That is, the worshippers. That is, of these idols.
Good. Then He, the Exalted and Majestic, said: Meaning, magnify Allah the Exalted and Majestic with great magnification, with your tongue and your mind. So you believe in your heart that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is greater than everything, and that He has majesty in the heavens and the earth. And also with your tongue, you magnify Him by saying "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest). And it was from the guidance of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions that they would say "Allahu Akbar" whenever they ascended a high place while traveling. Whenever they ascended something elevated, they would magnify Him, because when a person is in a high place, he may feel in his heart that he is elevated above others, so he says "Allahu Akbar" in order to lower that elevation he felt when... what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : He ascended and rose, so he says "Allahu Akbar." And when they descended from something, they would say "Subhan Allah" (Glory be to Allah). Why? Because descending is a lowering, so you say "Subhan Allah," meaning I purify Him from the lowering that I am now in, that I am now in. Good. And his saying: This is a confirming verbal noun intended for exaltation, meaning magnify Him with great magnification. And Allah knows best.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes. The practical benefits in this are:
First, in his saying:[Ar-Rahman 55:78] If we know that Allah the Exalted is described with majesty, then that necessitates that we exalt Him and revere Him. And if we know that He is described with generosity, then that necessitates that we hope for His generosity and favor, and that we exalt Him with the exaltation and honor He deserves. And as for his saying: [Maryam 19:65] The practical benefits in that are that a person worships Allah and is patient in worship, not getting tired, weary, or bored, but being patient with it with the patience of a companion with his companion in the struggle of jihad. And as for his saying: [Maryam 19:65] [Al-Ikhlas 112:4] [Al-Baqarah 2:22] In this is the purification of Allah the Exalted and Majestic, so that a person feels in his heart that Allah the Exalted is purified from every deficiency, and that He has no equal or rival, and by this he exalts Him with the true exaltation to the extent of his ability. And as for his saying: [Al-Baqarah 2:165] In the practical path, from its benefits from the practical side: it is not permissible for a person to take anyone from among the people as beloved as the love of Allah. And this is called love in Allah, or for Allah?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Love with Allah. Whoever loves someone as the love of Allah, we say this is love with Allah, not for Allah, nor in Allah.
And as for the last verse, in it are benefits:
That a person feels the perfection of the self-sufficiency of Allah the Exalted and Majestic regarding everyone,[Al-Isra 17:111] and His singling out of the dominion, and the completeness of His might and authority. And at that time, he exalts Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, with what He deserves to be exalted with, to the extent of his ability. And also from the practical side, a person benefits from it by hating those who took rivals besides Allah, and those who took a son for Him. And Allah knows best.
And prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. It has passed us that the author began with the verses of the negative attributes, and the first of them passed us, his saying:[Maryam 19:65] [Al-Baqarah 2:165] And this is a negation. [Al-Isra 17:111] Five attributes passed us.
And say, "Praise to Allah, who has not taken a son and has had no partner in [His] dominion and has no [need of a] protector out of weakness; and glorify Him with [great] glorification."
وقل الحمد لله الذي لم يتخذ ولداً ولم يكن له شريك في الملك ولم يكن له ولي من الذل وكبره تكبيراSay
قلThe student: ...
The Shaykh : I say this or that: if it is for the Messenger, then others follow him; and if it is general, it includes the Messenger and others.
Praise be to Allah
الحمد اللهfor Allah
للهwho has not taken a son
الذي لم يتخذ ولداThe student: The negative ones.
The Shaykh : The negative ones.
has not taken a son
لم يتخذ ولداa son
ولداThe student: Daughters.
The Shaykh : Yes, daughters are offspring, my brother. Daughters are offspring. And for this reason,
has not taken a son
لم يتخذ ولداGood.
and has had no partner in [His] dominion
ولم يكن له شريك في الملكhas not taken a son
لم يتخذ ولداSay, [O Muhammad], "Invoke those you claim [as deities] besides Allah." They do not possess an atom's weight [of ability] in the heavens or on the earth
قل ادعوا الذين زعمتم من دون الله لا يملكون مثقال ذرة في السماوات ولا في الأرضand they do not have therein any partnership
وما لهم فيهما من شركThe third:
nor is there for Him from among them any assistant.
وما له منهم من ظهيرAnd the fourth:
And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits.
ولا تنفع الشفاعة عنده إلا لمن أذن لهand has had no partner in [His] dominion
ولم يكن له شريك في الملك[from houses] whose keys you possess
أو ما ملكتم مفاتحهExcept from their wives or those their right hands possess
إلا على أزواجهم أو ما ملكت أيمانهمThe student: Transient.
The Shaykh : Limited. I own this bag, but I do not own this recorder, for example. So my dominion is limited. And Allah the Exalted owns everything. Also, the dominion of a man is limited in terms of authority. So a man does not have the right to dispose of his property as he wishes, but he only disposes of it... what? According to the permission of the Shari'ah. Do you see if a man is sick with a terminal illness and gives half of his wealth to someone other than the heirs, is that permissible?
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : It is not permissible. And if he had absolute dominion, it would be permissible. If he gathered all the dinars he had and said, "I will set fire to them"? Why, my son? He said, "I want to see what happens if the gold... I want to see how it turns out. Does he own this?"
The student: He does not own it.
The Shaykh : How does he not own it?
The student: He does not own it.
The Shaykh : Is it prevented? Yes. Why? Because this is foolishness. So our dominion is limited. Our dominion is limited. So Allah is the One who has absolute dominion.
and has no [need of a] protector out of weakness
ولم يكن له ولي من الذلfrom humiliation
من الذلWho
منUnquestionably, [for] the allies of Allah there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve
ألا إن أولياء الله لا خوف عليهم ولا هم يحزنونI will declare war against him who shows hostility to a pious worshipper of Mine
من عادى لي ولياً فقد آذنته في الحربThe student: No.
The Shaykh : No, He does not. So He does not need anyone, as Allah the Exalted said in the Qudsi Hadith:
O My servants, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to be as wicked as the most wicked heart of any one man of you, that would not decrease My dominion in anything.
يا عبادي لو أن أولكم وآخركم وإنسكم وجنكم كانوا على أفجر قلب رجل واحد منكم ما نقص ذلك في ملكي شيئاًBut whoever disbelieves - then indeed, Allah is free from need of the worlds.
ومن كفر فإن الله غني عن العالمينand has no [need of a] protector out of weakness
ولم يكن له ولي من الذلThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, they have awliya who defend them and fight for them, while they cannot defend themselves, as Allah the Exalted said:
and they [themselves] are for them soldiers in attendance.
وهم لهم جند محضرونThey are not able to help them, and they
لا يستطيعون نصرهم وهمTheir.
لهمtroops present
جند محضرونGood. Then He, the Exalted and Majestic, said:
and magnify Him with magnification
وكبره تكبيراThe student: ...
The Shaykh : He ascended and rose, so he says "Allahu Akbar." And when they descended from something, they would say "Subhan Allah" (Glory be to Allah). Why? Because descending is a lowering, so you say "Subhan Allah," meaning I purify Him from the lowering that I am now in, that I am now in. Good. And his saying:
magnification
تكبيراThe student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes. The practical benefits in this are:
First, in his saying:
Blessed is the name of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.
تبارك اسم بك ذي الجلال والإكرامso worship Him and have patience for His worship
فاعبده واصطبر لعبادتهDo you know of any similarity to Him?"
هل تعلم له سمياًNor is there to Him any equivalent."
ولم يكن له كفوا أحدSo do not attribute to Allah equals
فلا تجعلوا لله أنداداAnd [yet], among the people are those who take other than Allah as equals
ومن الناس من يتخذ من دون الله أنداداThe student: ...
The Shaykh : Love with Allah. Whoever loves someone as the love of Allah, we say this is love with Allah, not for Allah, nor in Allah.
And as for the last verse, in it are benefits:
That a person feels the perfection of the self-sufficiency of Allah the Exalted and Majestic regarding everyone,
has not taken a son
لم يتخذ ولداAnd prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. It has passed us that the author began with the verses of the negative attributes, and the first of them passed us, his saying: