Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And like what is 'dha' after interrogative 'ma' *** or 'man' if it is not omitted in the speech"
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Then he said: "And like what is 'dha' after interrogative 'ma' *** or 'man' if it is not omitted in the speech"
This is the fourth of the general relative pronoun forms: "And like what is 'dha'",
'Mithl' (like) is a fronted predicate, and 'dha' (this) is a delayed subject, and the implied meaning is: "And this is like what", meaning it is a general relative pronoun, but when? He said: "After interrogative 'ma'", meaning after the 'ma' of interrogation, meaning after the interrogative 'ma'. So if 'dha' comes after the interrogative 'ma', it is a relative pronoun, "or 'man'": meaning or if it comes after the interrogative 'man' as well,
"If it is not omitted in the speech": 'Omitted': the pronoun refers back to 'dha', meaning if 'dha' is not omitted in the speech, and the meaning of its omission is that you make it one word with 'ma' or with 'man'. Is this Persian or Arabic?
The student: Arabic.
The Shaykh : Good, meaning that one of the general relative pronouns is the word: 'dha', on the condition that it comes after the interrogative 'ma' or the interrogative 'man'. This is the first condition. The second condition: that it not be omitted in the speech, that it not be omitted. The pronoun refers back to what?
The student: To 'dha'.
The Shaykh : To 'dha', and the meaning of its omission is that you make it one word with 'ma' or 'man'. Do you understand? Omission becomes necessary if a relative pronoun comes after them. Omission becomes necessary if a relative pronoun comes after them, for example:[Al-Baqarah 2:255], so here we make 'man dha' one word, because if you made it mean 'the one who' and said: 'Who is the one who the one who intercedes', the speech would be awkward. In any case: 'dha' is from the general relative pronouns, and the commentary clarifies the conditions! Two, three, or four conditions?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three conditions, what are they?
The student: That it be after the interrogative 'ma' or the conditional 'man'.
The Shaykh : This is one thing.
The student: Second: that it not be omitted.
The Shaykh : That it not be omitted, third?
The student: Third!
The Shaykh : You said: three, did you go back?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, so 'dha', if it comes after the interrogative 'ma', or the interrogative 'man', it is from the general relative pronouns, on the condition that it not be omitted in the speech, otherwise say: 'dha' is a general relative pronoun with two conditions: that it come after the interrogative 'ma' or the interrogative 'man', and that it not be omitted. Good, if it comes after the negative 'ma', will it be a relative pronoun?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, it is not [a relative pronoun] except after the interrogative 'ma'. If it is omitted, it does not become a relative pronoun, because it will be dependent on 'ma' or 'man', and the two words are made into one interrogative word. So you say:[Al-Baqarah 2:245] 'Man dha': the whole thing is an interrogative pronoun, an interrogative pronoun. And some say: 'man' is an interrogative pronoun, and 'dha' is omitted, having no grammatical case and no position. And this is clear in the words of Ibn Malik where he said: "If it is not omitted in the speech".
The student: Shaykh, how is it omitted?
The Shaykh : It will come to us, if Allah wills. We have clarified for you when it becomes necessary for it to be omitted. When?
The student: If a relative pronoun comes after it.
The Shaykh : If a relative pronoun comes after it, it becomes necessary for it to be omitted.
The student: And the second, Shaykh?
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The second omitted one?
The Shaykh : What is the second omitted one?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : It will come, it will come. It is permissible. The second place is permissible and not obligatory. And upon his family and all his companions.
The author Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And all of them require",
To the end of it.
This is the fourth of the general relative pronoun forms: "And like what is 'dha'",
'Mithl' (like) is a fronted predicate, and 'dha' (this) is a delayed subject, and the implied meaning is: "And this is like what", meaning it is a general relative pronoun, but when? He said: "After interrogative 'ma'", meaning after the 'ma' of interrogation, meaning after the interrogative 'ma'. So if 'dha' comes after the interrogative 'ma', it is a relative pronoun, "or 'man'": meaning or if it comes after the interrogative 'man' as well,
"If it is not omitted in the speech": 'Omitted': the pronoun refers back to 'dha', meaning if 'dha' is not omitted in the speech, and the meaning of its omission is that you make it one word with 'ma' or with 'man'. Is this Persian or Arabic?
The student: Arabic.
The Shaykh : Good, meaning that one of the general relative pronouns is the word: 'dha', on the condition that it comes after the interrogative 'ma' or the interrogative 'man'. This is the first condition. The second condition: that it not be omitted in the speech, that it not be omitted. The pronoun refers back to what?
The student: To 'dha'.
The Shaykh : To 'dha', and the meaning of its omission is that you make it one word with 'ma' or 'man'. Do you understand? Omission becomes necessary if a relative pronoun comes after them. Omission becomes necessary if a relative pronoun comes after them, for example:
Who is it that can intercede
مَن ذا الذي يشفعThe student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three conditions, what are they?
The student: That it be after the interrogative 'ma' or the conditional 'man'.
The Shaykh : This is one thing.
The student: Second: that it not be omitted.
The Shaykh : That it not be omitted, third?
The student: Third!
The Shaykh : You said: three, did you go back?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, so 'dha', if it comes after the interrogative 'ma', or the interrogative 'man', it is from the general relative pronouns, on the condition that it not be omitted in the speech, otherwise say: 'dha' is a general relative pronoun with two conditions: that it come after the interrogative 'ma' or the interrogative 'man', and that it not be omitted. Good, if it comes after the negative 'ma', will it be a relative pronoun?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, it is not [a relative pronoun] except after the interrogative 'ma'. If it is omitted, it does not become a relative pronoun, because it will be dependent on 'ma' or 'man', and the two words are made into one interrogative word. So you say:
Who is it that would loan
من ذا الذيThe student: Shaykh, how is it omitted?
The Shaykh : It will come to us, if Allah wills. We have clarified for you when it becomes necessary for it to be omitted. When?
The student: If a relative pronoun comes after it.
The Shaykh : If a relative pronoun comes after it, it becomes necessary for it to be omitted.
The student: And the second, Shaykh?
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The second omitted one?
The Shaykh : What is the second omitted one?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : It will come, it will come. It is permissible. The second place is permissible and not obligatory. And upon his family and all his companions.
The author Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And all of them require",
To the end of it.