Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Like 'In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match, but his son is one of resentment.'"
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The Shaykh : He said: "Like 'In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match'"
"Kana" (Like): The letter kaf is a preposition. Where is the genitive?
The student: Its word...
The Shaykh : Where is the genitive? The genitive is this entire sentence: "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match." For this reason, we say the kaf is a preposition, and "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match" is a genitive noun, because the intention is like this sentence with the kaf. The sign of its genitive is a hidden kasrah on its end, prevented from appearing by what? By the narrative (hikayah). So, if we want to parse this example by separating its connection from the kaf, we say:
"In": A particle of emphasis and accusative. It makes the noun accusative and the predicate nominative. Is my statement correct? "In" is a particle of emphasis and accusative that makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. No, you cannot say "and accusative" because "In" is a particle of emphasis and accusative and nominative. It makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. So, either you say "a particle of emphasis, accusative, and nominative," or you say "a particle of emphasis that makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative," and this is better.
Zayd: Its noun is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative is a visible fathah on its end.
Scholar: Its predicate is in the nominative case due to it, and the sign of its nominative is a visible dammah on its end.
"Bi-ani" (That I): The ba is a preposition, and "an" is what? "An" is a particle of emphasis. It makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. The yaa is its noun, built on sukun in the position of nominative.
And "match": The predicate of "an" is in the nominative case due to it, and the sign of its nominative is a visible dammah on its end. The preposition and genitive are connected to "scholar."
Zayd is a scholar that he is a match, but the problem is his son. What does he say? "But his son is one of resentment", meaning one who holds a grudge against me. So the father is a scholar and a judge that he is a match, but his son is one of resentment. It is as if a man proposed to a person's daughter, and the son answered that he knows the suitor is a match. But the son... the father answered that he knows the suitor is a match, but the son has a grudge in his heart. He wanted to ruin the matter and ruined the father's opinion, so the matter was spoiled.
Ibn Malik says:
"Like 'In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match, but his son is one of resentment'"
Our position is that we say, may Allah guide this son to remove the resentment from him. Good.
"But his son is one of resentment": This is one of the sisters of "In," which is "Lakin" (But). We say in its parsing: "Lakin" is for retraction. "Lakin" is for retraction because it is a retraction of what came before, and it makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative.
And "son": Its noun is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative is a visible fathah on its end. "Son" is a compound noun, and the haa is the object of the compound, built on dammah in the position of genitive.
And "one of resentment," Abd al-Rahman Muhammad will parse it. "One of resentment."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, yes. Parse it. Look at the book. "But his son is one of resentment"
The student: A name from the five names.
The Shaykh : Yes, but parse it. It is a name from the five names, or six according to the opinion of Ibn Malik, meaning owner.
The student: Attribute.
The Shaykh : A description of what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : "Son" is in the accusative case. If it were a description of it, "one of resentment" would be here.
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : What is the predicate?
The student: But.
The Shaykh : The predicate of "Lakin," correct, is in the nominative case due to it. Complete it.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, the waw is in place of
The student: The dammah.
The Shaykh : Because
The student: It is from the five names.
The Shaykh : The waw is in place of the dammah because it is from the five names. Yes, "Dhu" (One of) is a compound noun.
The student: "Dhu" is a compound noun, and "resentment" is the object of the compound, in the genitive case with a visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Well done. Good. Then he said, we now know the ruling and the example.
What is the ruling? That "In" and its sisters make the subject accusative and the predicate nominative.
The example: "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match."
And the second example: "But his son is one of resentment."
The second issue: The author moved to the order between the noun of "In" and its sisters and their predicate. Between the noun of "In" and its sisters and their predicate, is the order obligatory or not? And now we ask: Is the order between the noun of "Kana" and its predicate obligatory or not?
The student: It is not obligatory.
The Shaykh : Yes, it is not obligatory. It is not obligatory. Allah the Exalted said:[An-Nisa 4:96] And He the Exalted said: [Ar-Rum 30:47] So, it is not obligatory. But "In" and its sisters are the opposite; it is obligatory that the noun precedes and the predicate follows.
"Kana" (Like): The letter kaf is a preposition. Where is the genitive?
The student: Its word...
The Shaykh : Where is the genitive? The genitive is this entire sentence: "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match." For this reason, we say the kaf is a preposition, and "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match" is a genitive noun, because the intention is like this sentence with the kaf. The sign of its genitive is a hidden kasrah on its end, prevented from appearing by what? By the narrative (hikayah). So, if we want to parse this example by separating its connection from the kaf, we say:
"In": A particle of emphasis and accusative. It makes the noun accusative and the predicate nominative. Is my statement correct? "In" is a particle of emphasis and accusative that makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. No, you cannot say "and accusative" because "In" is a particle of emphasis and accusative and nominative. It makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. So, either you say "a particle of emphasis, accusative, and nominative," or you say "a particle of emphasis that makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative," and this is better.
Zayd: Its noun is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative is a visible fathah on its end.
Scholar: Its predicate is in the nominative case due to it, and the sign of its nominative is a visible dammah on its end.
"Bi-ani" (That I): The ba is a preposition, and "an" is what? "An" is a particle of emphasis. It makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative. The yaa is its noun, built on sukun in the position of nominative.
And "match": The predicate of "an" is in the nominative case due to it, and the sign of its nominative is a visible dammah on its end. The preposition and genitive are connected to "scholar."
Zayd is a scholar that he is a match, but the problem is his son. What does he say? "But his son is one of resentment", meaning one who holds a grudge against me. So the father is a scholar and a judge that he is a match, but his son is one of resentment. It is as if a man proposed to a person's daughter, and the son answered that he knows the suitor is a match. But the son... the father answered that he knows the suitor is a match, but the son has a grudge in his heart. He wanted to ruin the matter and ruined the father's opinion, so the matter was spoiled.
Ibn Malik says:
"Like 'In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match, but his son is one of resentment'"
Our position is that we say, may Allah guide this son to remove the resentment from him. Good.
"But his son is one of resentment": This is one of the sisters of "In," which is "Lakin" (But). We say in its parsing: "Lakin" is for retraction. "Lakin" is for retraction because it is a retraction of what came before, and it makes the subject accusative and the predicate nominative.
And "son": Its noun is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative is a visible fathah on its end. "Son" is a compound noun, and the haa is the object of the compound, built on dammah in the position of genitive.
And "one of resentment," Abd al-Rahman Muhammad will parse it. "One of resentment."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, yes. Parse it. Look at the book. "But his son is one of resentment"
The student: A name from the five names.
The Shaykh : Yes, but parse it. It is a name from the five names, or six according to the opinion of Ibn Malik, meaning owner.
The student: Attribute.
The Shaykh : A description of what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : "Son" is in the accusative case. If it were a description of it, "one of resentment" would be here.
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : What is the predicate?
The student: But.
The Shaykh : The predicate of "Lakin," correct, is in the nominative case due to it. Complete it.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, the waw is in place of
The student: The dammah.
The Shaykh : Because
The student: It is from the five names.
The Shaykh : The waw is in place of the dammah because it is from the five names. Yes, "Dhu" (One of) is a compound noun.
The student: "Dhu" is a compound noun, and "resentment" is the object of the compound, in the genitive case with a visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Well done. Good. Then he said, we now know the ruling and the example.
What is the ruling? That "In" and its sisters make the subject accusative and the predicate nominative.
The example: "In Zayd is a scholar that I am a match."
And the second example: "But his son is one of resentment."
The second issue: The author moved to the order between the noun of "In" and its sisters and their predicate. Between the noun of "In" and its sisters and their predicate, is the order obligatory or not? And now we ask: Is the order between the noun of "Kana" and its predicate obligatory or not?
The student: It is not obligatory.
The Shaykh : Yes, it is not obligatory. It is not obligatory. Allah the Exalted said: