Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And raise with waw, and with ya you decline and accuse *** a sound plural of a possessor and a sinner."
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The Shaykh : He said: "And raise with waw, and with ya you decline and accuse *** a sound plural of a possessor and a sinner and the like of those"
This is the chapter on the plural of the chapter on the sound masculine plural. The author says, pay attention, he says:
"Raise with waw" in place of the dammah, and "with ya you decline and accuse" in place of the kasrah in the genitive and the fathah in the accusative.
And his saying: "Sound plural of a possessor and a sinner". Sound plural of a possessor means he intends by that the sound plural, the sound plural, the sound singular of it, because plurals are divided into two categories: plurals where the singular does not remain sound from change when pluralized, so these are excluded by his saying: "Sound plural", and plurals where it does not change, so it is included in his saying: "Sound plural". Let us give an example for this: a man, the plural is men. Are men a sound masculine plural? No, because it changed. Muslim, Muslims is a sound masculine plural because the singular did not change. And for this it is called the sound masculine plural, meaning: the singular is sound, and not the plural? The singular, meaning it does not change. If it changes, it is not considered a sound masculine plural.
And his saying: "Sound plural of a possessor". Possessor, the word possessor is a proper name, sinner is a description. So the author (may Allah have mercy on him) benefited us by that that the sound masculine plural is a plural for proper names and a plural for descriptions. And it is also a sound masculine plural. What is excluded from these two matters, either a proper name or a description, other than a proper name is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, but is annexed to it. For example, lands is annexed to the sound masculine plural and is not a sound masculine plural because it is not a proper name. But we also look at the word possessor, is it a proper name for a masculine or a feminine? Good, is it intelligent or not intelligent? Intelligent, and the intended meaning of intelligent here is what is of the nature to be intelligent. So if it were assumed that we have ten insane people, each one named Possessor, they are pluralized as a sound masculine plural, yes, because the intended meaning of intelligent here is what is of the nature to be intelligent. Good, if we named a horse or a stallion, we named a stallion with a proper name and we also named other horses with this proper name, would we pluralize them as a sound masculine plural?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why? Because they are not for the intelligent. It must be for a masculine and it must be for an intelligent one.
There are also conditions that it be sound from the taa. If the taa is connected to it, it is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, like Hamza. You do not pluralize it as a sound masculine plural. Why? Because it has the taa. And if it has the taa, it is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, but it is pluralized either as a sound feminine plural or the word "possessors of" is brought and added to the singular.
Sinner is a description for a masculine intelligent one or not intelligent? Intelligent. And how clever the author (may Allah have mercy on him) was, he brought the word sinner because sin is only from the intelligent, so animals are not described as sinful. So it is as if he (may Allah have mercy on him) indicated that the description must be a description for an intelligent one, and that is by his saying: "Sinner", because the non-intelligent is never described with sin. So this is from his cleverness (may Allah have mercy on him).
This is the chapter on the plural of the chapter on the sound masculine plural. The author says, pay attention, he says:
"Raise with waw" in place of the dammah, and "with ya you decline and accuse" in place of the kasrah in the genitive and the fathah in the accusative.
And his saying: "Sound plural of a possessor and a sinner". Sound plural of a possessor means he intends by that the sound plural, the sound plural, the sound singular of it, because plurals are divided into two categories: plurals where the singular does not remain sound from change when pluralized, so these are excluded by his saying: "Sound plural", and plurals where it does not change, so it is included in his saying: "Sound plural". Let us give an example for this: a man, the plural is men. Are men a sound masculine plural? No, because it changed. Muslim, Muslims is a sound masculine plural because the singular did not change. And for this it is called the sound masculine plural, meaning: the singular is sound, and not the plural? The singular, meaning it does not change. If it changes, it is not considered a sound masculine plural.
And his saying: "Sound plural of a possessor". Possessor, the word possessor is a proper name, sinner is a description. So the author (may Allah have mercy on him) benefited us by that that the sound masculine plural is a plural for proper names and a plural for descriptions. And it is also a sound masculine plural. What is excluded from these two matters, either a proper name or a description, other than a proper name is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, but is annexed to it. For example, lands is annexed to the sound masculine plural and is not a sound masculine plural because it is not a proper name. But we also look at the word possessor, is it a proper name for a masculine or a feminine? Good, is it intelligent or not intelligent? Intelligent, and the intended meaning of intelligent here is what is of the nature to be intelligent. So if it were assumed that we have ten insane people, each one named Possessor, they are pluralized as a sound masculine plural, yes, because the intended meaning of intelligent here is what is of the nature to be intelligent. Good, if we named a horse or a stallion, we named a stallion with a proper name and we also named other horses with this proper name, would we pluralize them as a sound masculine plural?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why? Because they are not for the intelligent. It must be for a masculine and it must be for an intelligent one.
There are also conditions that it be sound from the taa. If the taa is connected to it, it is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, like Hamza. You do not pluralize it as a sound masculine plural. Why? Because it has the taa. And if it has the taa, it is not pluralized as a sound masculine plural, but it is pluralized either as a sound feminine plural or the word "possessors of" is brought and added to the singular.
Sinner is a description for a masculine intelligent one or not intelligent? Intelligent. And how clever the author (may Allah have mercy on him) was, he brought the word sinner because sin is only from the intelligent, so animals are not described as sinful. So it is as if he (may Allah have mercy on him) indicated that the description must be a description for an intelligent one, and that is by his saying: "Sinner", because the non-intelligent is never described with sin. So this is from his cleverness (may Allah have mercy on him).