Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Like 'kamithli man anta khayr' and 'ladha' *** informing of the advancement of a little and a lot."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Its example is: "Like 'kamithli man anta khayr'":
"Man anta khayr": Now, ask! The answer is: I am better than so-and-so, I am better than so-and-so. But since the one being compared to is being asked about, it is an interrogative noun, so it must be placed first, and you say: "Man anta khayr." Yes, and likewise you say: "Man anta atwal," yes, "Man anta aghna," "Man anta a'lam," and the like. So the answer, the answer of the one asked, what is it?
The student: So-and-so.
The Shaykh : "Min fulan," "min fulan," meaning: I am better, or taller, or more knowledgeable, or richer, or the like, than so-and-so.
"Like 'kamithli man anta khayr' and 'ladha' *** informing of the advancement of a little and a lot":
"And 'ladha' informing": This means if it comes in a declarative sentence, then the advancement is a little. And what does "nazar" mean?
The student: Rare.
The Shaykh : A little. So you say, for example: "Khayr min Zayd 'Amr," the meaning is: "'Amr is better than Zayd." This is the original order, but it came placed first. And this is a little, a little in the Arabic language. And is it generalized? It appears that it is not generalized, and that if it is found from the Arabs, it is restricted to what is heard.
"And 'ladha' *** informing of the advancement of a little and a lot":
What is the grammatical analysis of "nazar"? Here?
The student: A *hal*.
The Shaykh : It is a state (hal), and a verbal noun in the position of a state from the doer of "warrada," that is, interpreted, from the doer of "warrada," meaning: "warrada nazar," and "ladha" means "at" or "when."
We read the two verses because the two verses after them contain difficulty, and the two verses after them are called: The Issue of Kohl among grammarians, it is called the Issue of Kohl. It is necessary—may Allah will it—that the students of the Alfiyyah will be kohlers.
Now we read the explanation, and the Issue of Kohl, in reality, although it is more like an exercise for the students, and it is not even common in the Arabic language, its origin is that they illustrated it with this example: "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd", here, read the example "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd".
The student: "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd".
The Shaykh : is best
The student: Minhu.
The Shaykh : No, no.
The student: Fi 'aynihi.
The Shaykh : Ahsana?!
The student: Ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu.
The Shaykh : Fi 'aynihi.
The student: Al-kahlu.
The Shaykh : Al-kahlu minhu.
The student: Fi 'ayn Zayd.
The Shaykh : Fi 'ayn Zayd! Meaning, you can puzzle some people who do not know how to express themselves in speech with it, and the discussion of it will come—may Allah will it—in the Alfiyyah. However, the important thing—may Allah will it—that we are turning to is the adjective (na't), the adjective is one of the important things, and all the followers (tabi'at) are among the important things, yes, may Allah reward you.
"Man anta khayr": Now, ask! The answer is: I am better than so-and-so, I am better than so-and-so. But since the one being compared to is being asked about, it is an interrogative noun, so it must be placed first, and you say: "Man anta khayr." Yes, and likewise you say: "Man anta atwal," yes, "Man anta aghna," "Man anta a'lam," and the like. So the answer, the answer of the one asked, what is it?
The student: So-and-so.
The Shaykh : "Min fulan," "min fulan," meaning: I am better, or taller, or more knowledgeable, or richer, or the like, than so-and-so.
"Like 'kamithli man anta khayr' and 'ladha' *** informing of the advancement of a little and a lot":
"And 'ladha' informing": This means if it comes in a declarative sentence, then the advancement is a little. And what does "nazar" mean?
The student: Rare.
The Shaykh : A little. So you say, for example: "Khayr min Zayd 'Amr," the meaning is: "'Amr is better than Zayd." This is the original order, but it came placed first. And this is a little, a little in the Arabic language. And is it generalized? It appears that it is not generalized, and that if it is found from the Arabs, it is restricted to what is heard.
"And 'ladha' *** informing of the advancement of a little and a lot":
What is the grammatical analysis of "nazar"? Here?
The student: A *hal*.
The Shaykh : It is a state (hal), and a verbal noun in the position of a state from the doer of "warrada," that is, interpreted, from the doer of "warrada," meaning: "warrada nazar," and "ladha" means "at" or "when."
We read the two verses because the two verses after them contain difficulty, and the two verses after them are called: The Issue of Kohl among grammarians, it is called the Issue of Kohl. It is necessary—may Allah will it—that the students of the Alfiyyah will be kohlers.
Now we read the explanation, and the Issue of Kohl, in reality, although it is more like an exercise for the students, and it is not even common in the Arabic language, its origin is that they illustrated it with this example: "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd", here, read the example "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd".
The student: "Ma ra'aytu ahadan ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu minhu fi 'ayn Zayd".
The Shaykh : is best
The student: Minhu.
The Shaykh : No, no.
The student: Fi 'aynihi.
The Shaykh : Ahsana?!
The student: Ahsana fi 'aynihi al-kahlu.
The Shaykh : Fi 'aynihi.
The student: Al-kahlu.
The Shaykh : Al-kahlu minhu.
The student: Fi 'ayn Zayd.
The Shaykh : Fi 'ayn Zayd! Meaning, you can puzzle some people who do not know how to express themselves in speech with it, and the discussion of it will come—may Allah will it—in the Alfiyyah. However, the important thing—may Allah will it—that we are turning to is the adjective (na't), the adjective is one of the important things, and all the followers (tabi'at) are among the important things, yes, may Allah reward you.