Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Muṭābiqan aw ba‘ḍan aw mā yash-tamilu *** ‘alayhi yulfa aw kam-ma‘ṭūf bi-bal."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Then, the substitute (badal). The author says:
"Muṭābiqan aw ba‘ḍan aw mā yash-tamilu *** ‘alayhi yulfa aw kam-ma‘ṭūf bi-bal":
Here, we must parse the verse so that the meaning becomes clear. "Muṭābiqan" is the second object of "yulfa," and "yulfa" means "is found." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted: meaning: they found.
And his saying: "aw ba‘ḍan": is conjoined to "muṭābiqan," or "mā" is a relative pronoun conjoined to "ba‘ḍan."
The student: To "muṭābiqan."
The Shaykh : To "muṭābiqan," yes, to "muṭābiqan," well done.
"Yulfa": means "is found," and the substitute for the subject is the first object, and "muṭābiqan" is the second object, meaning: it is found as a match, or a part, or what encompasses.
"Aw kam-ma‘ṭūf bi-bal": means, and it is sometimes found as a conjoined element with "bal," and the conjoined element with "bal" was mentioned previously: that "bal" signifies that the ruling is established for what comes after it, and is silent regarding what comes before it.
"Muṭābiqan aw ba‘ḍan aw mā yash-tamilu *** ‘alayhi yulfa aw kam-ma‘ṭūf bi-bal":
Here, we must parse the verse so that the meaning becomes clear. "Muṭābiqan" is the second object of "yulfa," and "yulfa" means "is found." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And they found her master by the door
وألفيا سيدها لدى البابAnd his saying: "aw ba‘ḍan": is conjoined to "muṭābiqan," or "mā" is a relative pronoun conjoined to "ba‘ḍan."
The student: To "muṭābiqan."
The Shaykh : To "muṭābiqan," yes, to "muṭābiqan," well done.
"Yulfa": means "is found," and the substitute for the subject is the first object, and "muṭābiqan" is the second object, meaning: it is found as a match, or a part, or what encompasses.
"Aw kam-ma‘ṭūf bi-bal": means, and it is sometimes found as a conjoined element with "bal," and the conjoined element with "bal" was mentioned previously: that "bal" signifies that the ruling is established for what comes after it, and is silent regarding what comes before it.