Continuation of the explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "As for the rest, raise it or lower it, and make it *** like an independent vocative, a coordinate, or a substitute."
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The Shaykh : If it is a coordinate or a substitute, then the second one is treated as if it were an independent vocative.
If it is a proper noun or a specific indefinite noun, it is built on the nominative case.
If it is a possessive or similar to a possessive, it is in the accusative case.
What if the dependent word is an attribute, an emphasis, or a clarifying coordinate?
The student: It has three states.
The Shaykh : Yes, it has three states: either the dependent word is a possessive with the definite article, or a possessive without the definite article, or not a possessive.
If it is not a possessive, or if it is a possessive with the definite article, then both options are permissible for it: the nominative and the accusative.
If it is a possessive without the definite article, then the accusative is obligatory for it. This is the summary of today's lesson, and Allah knows best.
If it is a proper noun or a specific indefinite noun, it is built on the nominative case.
If it is a possessive or similar to a possessive, it is in the accusative case.
What if the dependent word is an attribute, an emphasis, or a clarifying coordinate?
The student: It has three states.
The Shaykh : Yes, it has three states: either the dependent word is a possessive with the definite article, or a possessive without the definite article, or not a possessive.
If it is not a possessive, or if it is a possessive with the definite article, then both options are permissible for it: the nominative and the accusative.
If it is a possessive without the definite article, then the accusative is obligatory for it. This is the summary of today's lesson, and Allah knows best.