Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined *** then there are two positions, and the nominative is to be selected."
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The Shaykh :"And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined":
"And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined", in my opinion, yes, it is open.
"And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined *** then there are two positions, and the nominative is to be selected":
It means that if you conjoin to the vocative, which is built on the dammah, a noun accompanied by al-, then there are two positions, but the nominative is better. For this reason, he said: "and the nominative is to be selected", meaning it is chosen. And from this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Saba 34:10], hmm?
The student:.
The Shaykh : And the birds (accusative) or and the birds (nominative)?
The student: And the birds (accusative).
The Shaykh : And the birds (accusative) and and the birds (nominative) are two readings, and and the birds (nominative) and and the birds (accusative) are two readings according to the two positions. And you say: O Zayd (nominative) and the boy (accusative), and O Zayd (nominative) and the boy (nominative).
As for the position of the accusative, it is a conjunction to the grammatical case, because the grammatical case of the vocative Zayd is the accusative.
And as for its dammah, it is for following (ittiba'). Some said: And whatever is moved for following has no grammatical case, because it is a follower of what precedes it. It is said: The waw is a letter of conjunction, and the boy is conjoined to Zayd, in the accusative with a hidden fathah on its end, prevented from appearing by the following. So it is hidden for the sake of following. So we have in this: If what is not declined is adorned with al-, then there are two positions. But the author says: "the nominative is to be selected". And the famous reading with the accusative is:[Saba 34:10]. But the grammarians, as some of them said: "The grammarian is like a fox; you put your hand on him from his door, and he comes out from his window". Yes, they said: The birds (accusative) in the reading of the accusative is not conjoined to mountains, but is the object of a deleted verb, meaning: And We subjected for him the birds. And this is in reality a forced interpretation. The correct view is that both positions are permissible, but the nominative is stronger. And we say: The accusative is stronger, or we say: They are equal, because as long as the Qur'an came with both, the Qur'an is the most eloquent of speech.
The student: Is it permissible ... the birds, or is it permissible?
The Shaykh : No, it is not appropriate, it is not appropriate. He said: "then there are two positions, and the nominative is to be selected".
The student: Does that mean Ibn Malik's statement is weak, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Does that mean Ibn Malik's statement is weak in the ruling?
The Shaykh : In my opinion, ah, yes, it is weak. The correct view is that it is permissible equally.
"And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined", in my opinion, yes, it is open.
"And if it is accompanied by al- what is not declined *** then there are two positions, and the nominative is to be selected":
It means that if you conjoin to the vocative, which is built on the dammah, a noun accompanied by al-, then there are two positions, but the nominative is better. For this reason, he said: "and the nominative is to be selected", meaning it is chosen. And from this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
O mountains, repeat [Our] praises with him
يا جبالُ أَوِّبي مَعهThe student:
and the birds
والطيرThe Shaykh : And the birds (accusative) or and the birds (nominative)?
The student: And the birds (accusative).
The Shaykh : And the birds (accusative) and and the birds (nominative) are two readings, and and the birds (nominative) and and the birds (accusative) are two readings according to the two positions. And you say: O Zayd (nominative) and the boy (accusative), and O Zayd (nominative) and the boy (nominative).
As for the position of the accusative, it is a conjunction to the grammatical case, because the grammatical case of the vocative Zayd is the accusative.
And as for its dammah, it is for following (ittiba'). Some said: And whatever is moved for following has no grammatical case, because it is a follower of what precedes it. It is said: The waw is a letter of conjunction, and the boy is conjoined to Zayd, in the accusative with a hidden fathah on its end, prevented from appearing by the following. So it is hidden for the sake of following. So we have in this: If what is not declined is adorned with al-, then there are two positions. But the author says: "the nominative is to be selected". And the famous reading with the accusative is:
O mountains, repeat [Our] praises with him, and the birds [as well].
يا جبالُ أَوِّبي معه والطيرَThe student: Is it permissible ... the birds, or is it permissible?
The Shaykh : No, it is not appropriate, it is not appropriate. He said: "then there are two positions, and the nominative is to be selected".
The student: Does that mean Ibn Malik's statement is weak, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Does that mean Ibn Malik's statement is weak in the ruling?
The Shaykh : In my opinion, ah, yes, it is weak. The correct view is that it is permissible equally.