Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the prevention of *adl* with a considered description *** in the form of *mathna*, *thulath*, and *ukhara*."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"And the prevention of *adl* with a description"
How many do we know? The cause is the *alif* of femininity, the extra letters in *yaf'alan*, and the original description is three. The fourth, the author said:
"And the prevention of *adl* with a considered description"
"Prevention of *adl*" is the subject, and "considered" is its predicate, meaning: among the causes preventing inflection, *adl* with a description, *adl* with a description, and *adl* means change, changing the word to another word, deviating from its original structure, so this occurs in the description.
"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath* and *ukhara*"
Meaning: *maf'ul* and *fu'ul*, *mathna* as a description meaning: two by two, meaning: two by two, so you would say, for example: "Women passed by me *mathna*," meaning here? Two by two, and *thulath* meaning?
The student: Three by three.
The Shaykh : Three by three, Allah the Exalted said:[An-Nisa 4:3] And Allah the Exalted said: [Fatir 35:1] meaning the wings The author says:
"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath*"
It is said: *mathna*, and it is said: *thulath*, and it is said: *muthalath*, and it is said: *mura'ba* and *rubā',* and it is said: *mukhams* and *khams*, and it is said: *musaddas* and *sadas*, and *musab'*, and *saba',* and *mathman* and *thaman*, and *mus'a'* and *tasa',* and *mu'ashar* and *'ashar*, this is the analogy, but it was not heard except in *mathna* and *thulath*, and *rubā',* and I think *tasa'* and *'ashar*, the analogy is permissible in all of them, *mathna* as a description deviated from two is prevented from inflection, and the preventer of inflection is what?
The student: Descriptiveness and *adl*.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness and *adl*, and you say: "I passed by women *thulath*" or "Women passed by me *thulath*," it is not correct, "I passed by women *thulath*" meaning: gathered three by three by three, with women, a noun in the genitive case and *thulath*? Here?
The student: A description for women.
The Shaykh : A description for women, and the description of a genitive noun is in the genitive case, it is marked with a fatha instead of a kasrah because it is a noun that is not inflected, and the preventer of its inflection is what?
The student : Justice.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness?
The student: And *adl*.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness and *adl*, likewise *ukhara* *ukhara*[Al-Baqarah 2:184] Here?
The student:
The Shaykh : And he did not say: "So a number of days *ukhara*," but he said: And it is deviated from *ukhra*, from *ukhra* deviated from *ukhra*, so if it were said: "A number of days *ukhra*," it would be correct, but he said: So it is deviated from *ukhra*, and it was said: that it is deviated from *al-ukhra* with the definite article, but this does not hold if the described noun is indefinite, how can it be described with what? With a definite noun, in any case it is deviated, so you say: [Al-Baqarah 2:184] of days, a noun in the genitive case, and *ukhara* here?
The student: An attribute.
The Shaykh : A description for days, the description of a genitive noun is in the genitive case, and the mark of its genitive case is a fatha, the fatha instead of a kasrah because it is a noun that is not inflected, and the preventer of its inflection is descriptiveness and *adl*, *adl* as I told you, some say *ukhra*, and some say from *al-ukhra*, but this opinion does not hold if the described noun is indefinite.
"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath* and *ukhara*"
So what we have now in descriptions are three patterns, what are they? *Mathna*.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : And *thulath* and what is on their pattern from numbers, and the third?
The student: *Ukhara*.
The Shaykh : *Ukhara*, and the third is *ukhara*, all of these, the preventer of their inflection is descriptiveness and *adl*.
How many do we know? The cause is the *alif* of femininity, the extra letters in *yaf'alan*, and the original description is three. The fourth, the author said:
"And the prevention of *adl* with a considered description"
"Prevention of *adl*" is the subject, and "considered" is its predicate, meaning: among the causes preventing inflection, *adl* with a description, *adl* with a description, and *adl* means change, changing the word to another word, deviating from its original structure, so this occurs in the description.
"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath* and *ukhara*"
Meaning: *maf'ul* and *fu'ul*, *mathna* as a description meaning: two by two, meaning: two by two, so you would say, for example: "Women passed by me *mathna*," meaning here? Two by two, and *thulath* meaning?
The student: Three by three.
The Shaykh : Three by three, Allah the Exalted said:
then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four
فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء مثنى وثلاث ورباعthe angels messengers having wings, two
ملائكة أولي أجنحة مثنىand three and four
وثلاث ورباع"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath*"
It is said: *mathna*, and it is said: *thulath*, and it is said: *muthalath*, and it is said: *mura'ba* and *rubā',* and it is said: *mukhams* and *khams*, and it is said: *musaddas* and *sadas*, and *musab'*, and *saba',* and *mathman* and *thaman*, and *mus'a'* and *tasa',* and *mu'ashar* and *'ashar*, this is the analogy, but it was not heard except in *mathna* and *thulath*, and *rubā',* and I think *tasa'* and *'ashar*, the analogy is permissible in all of them, *mathna* as a description deviated from two is prevented from inflection, and the preventer of inflection is what?
The student: Descriptiveness and *adl*.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness and *adl*, and you say: "I passed by women *thulath*" or "Women passed by me *thulath*," it is not correct, "I passed by women *thulath*" meaning: gathered three by three by three, with women, a noun in the genitive case and *thulath*? Here?
The student: A description for women.
The Shaykh : A description for women, and the description of a genitive noun is in the genitive case, it is marked with a fatha instead of a kasrah because it is a noun that is not inflected, and the preventer of its inflection is what?
The student : Justice.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness?
The student: And *adl*.
The Shaykh : Descriptiveness and *adl*, likewise *ukhara* *ukhara*
an equal number of days
فعدّة من أيّامThe student:
*Ukhara*
أُخرَThe Shaykh :
*Ukhara*
أُخرَ*Ukhara*
أُخَرَ*Ukhara*
أُخَرَan equal number of days
من أيام أخرThe student: An attribute.
The Shaykh : A description for days, the description of a genitive noun is in the genitive case, and the mark of its genitive case is a fatha, the fatha instead of a kasrah because it is a noun that is not inflected, and the preventer of its inflection is descriptiveness and *adl*, *adl* as I told you, some say *ukhra*, and some say from *al-ukhra*, but this opinion does not hold if the described noun is indefinite.
"In the form of *mathna* and *thulath* and *ukhara*"
So what we have now in descriptions are three patterns, what are they? *Mathna*.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : And *thulath* and what is on their pattern from numbers, and the third?
The student: *Ukhara*.
The Shaykh : *Ukhara*, and the third is *ukhara*, all of these, the preventer of their inflection is descriptiveness and *adl*.