Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan, like Ghatafan and Isfahan."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan, like Ghatafan and Isfahan"
"Likewise, the comprehensive" means: like the compound name, the comprehensive name with an extra Fa'lan. "Comprehensive" means what?
The student: Comprehensive.
The Shaykh : Comprehensive, and extra Fa'lan. What are its extras? The alif and the nun, the alif and the nun. It is not required that it be on the pattern Fa'lan; that is not a condition. The important thing is that there exists a name with the addition of the alif and the nun. A name with the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. Every name with the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. Now, how do we know that it is extra and not original? Hassan ibn Thabit, Hassan. Is the nun extra or original? Huh?
The student: Original.
The Shaykh : We do not know. If it is from al-husn (beauty), it is original. And if it is from al-hass[Ali 'Imran 3:152] huh? Then is it?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. So it is extra, and we do not know. We say: If you do not know, it is not a calamity. This is not like the one who says: "If you do not know, that is a calamity" This is not a calamity. If you do not know, look at the transmission (sam'). If it is transmitted as not inflected, it is not inflected. Yes. And if it is not transmitted, you have a choice. Not transmitted, so you have a choice. So in this case, the issue is: What is known to have the addition of the alif and the nun in it, is it?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : Prevented from inflection. This is without detail. And what is possible for the addition or its absence, we return to the transmission. If it is transmitted as inflected, it is inflected, and the nun is original. And if it is heard as not inflected, it is not inflected, and the nun is extra. If it is not heard, you are?
The student: Have a choice.
The Shaykh : Have a choice. If you consider that the nun is original, you inflect it. And if you consider that the nun is not original, you do not inflect it. Hassan ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), they say: It is not heard except as prevented. It is not heard except as prevented from inflection. And in this case, the nun is?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. The nun is extra, because he said:
"Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan"
So the nun is extra. Now, Uthman, Uthman ibn Affan, the nun is extra. Affan?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Affan, let us see. If it is from 'iffah (chastity), the nun is extra and it is prevented from inflection. If it is from 'afunah (foulness), the nun is?
The student: Original.
The Shaykh : Original, and it is? Inflected. It is inflected. But what is the transmission? The transmission is Affan, Uthman ibn Affan. And in this case, it is?
The student: Prevented from inflection.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from inflection, and the nun is extra. And it is derived from what?
The student: From 'iffah.
The Shaykh : From 'iffah. It is derived from 'iffah. So
"Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan"
Means: Like this, the name that contains the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. So if someone says: By what do we know the addition? We say: By the inflection of the word. We look at the inflection of the word. If the nun drops in one of the inflections, it is what?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. "Like Ghatafan" Ghatafan is a name, what is it for?
The student: A tribe.
The Shaykh : Huh? A tribe. And Isfahan?
The student: A city.
The Shaykh : A name for a city. Yes. So it is clear by this that the name, whether it is a name for cities or for a person or any name, yes?
The questioner : ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : ... is prevented from inflection for being descriptive.
The Shaykh : Correct.
The questioner : Why do we not make the same form alone the cause?
The Shaykh : No, it must be a name or a description, ending with a feminine ta, but in the case of names, it is not a condition. Now, what do you say about Hassan? Rashid? Inflected or prevented from inflection?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : Huh?
"Likewise, the comprehensive" means: like the compound name, the comprehensive name with an extra Fa'lan. "Comprehensive" means what?
The student: Comprehensive.
The Shaykh : Comprehensive, and extra Fa'lan. What are its extras? The alif and the nun, the alif and the nun. It is not required that it be on the pattern Fa'lan; that is not a condition. The important thing is that there exists a name with the addition of the alif and the nun. A name with the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. Every name with the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. Now, how do we know that it is extra and not original? Hassan ibn Thabit, Hassan. Is the nun extra or original? Huh?
The student: Original.
The Shaykh : We do not know. If it is from al-husn (beauty), it is original. And if it is from al-hass
when you were killing the enemy by His permission
إذ تحسّونهم بإذنهThe student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. So it is extra, and we do not know. We say: If you do not know, it is not a calamity. This is not like the one who says: "If you do not know, that is a calamity" This is not a calamity. If you do not know, look at the transmission (sam'). If it is transmitted as not inflected, it is not inflected. Yes. And if it is not transmitted, you have a choice. Not transmitted, so you have a choice. So in this case, the issue is: What is known to have the addition of the alif and the nun in it, is it?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : Prevented from inflection. This is without detail. And what is possible for the addition or its absence, we return to the transmission. If it is transmitted as inflected, it is inflected, and the nun is original. And if it is heard as not inflected, it is not inflected, and the nun is extra. If it is not heard, you are?
The student: Have a choice.
The Shaykh : Have a choice. If you consider that the nun is original, you inflect it. And if you consider that the nun is not original, you do not inflect it. Hassan ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), they say: It is not heard except as prevented. It is not heard except as prevented from inflection. And in this case, the nun is?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. The nun is extra, because he said:
"Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan"
So the nun is extra. Now, Uthman, Uthman ibn Affan, the nun is extra. Affan?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Affan, let us see. If it is from 'iffah (chastity), the nun is extra and it is prevented from inflection. If it is from 'afunah (foulness), the nun is?
The student: Original.
The Shaykh : Original, and it is? Inflected. It is inflected. But what is the transmission? The transmission is Affan, Uthman ibn Affan. And in this case, it is?
The student: Prevented from inflection.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from inflection, and the nun is extra. And it is derived from what?
The student: From 'iffah.
The Shaykh : From 'iffah. It is derived from 'iffah. So
"Likewise, the comprehensive, extra Fa'lan"
Means: Like this, the name that contains the addition of the alif and the nun is prevented from inflection. So if someone says: By what do we know the addition? We say: By the inflection of the word. We look at the inflection of the word. If the nun drops in one of the inflections, it is what?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Extra. "Like Ghatafan" Ghatafan is a name, what is it for?
The student: A tribe.
The Shaykh : Huh? A tribe. And Isfahan?
The student: A city.
The Shaykh : A name for a city. Yes. So it is clear by this that the name, whether it is a name for cities or for a person or any name, yes?
The questioner : ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : ... is prevented from inflection for being descriptive.
The Shaykh : Correct.
The questioner : Why do we not make the same form alone the cause?
The Shaykh : No, it must be a name or a description, ending with a feminine ta, but in the case of names, it is not a condition. Now, what do you say about Hassan? Rashid? Inflected or prevented from inflection?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : Huh?