Reading from Ibn Aqil’s commentary (may Allah have mercy on him), with the Shaykh’s annotations: " .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reader: " And the feminine alif where it is elongated *** and its ta' are considered separate
Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive *** and the end of the annexed and the compound
And so are the two additions of fa'laan ... after four letters, like za'faraan
And consider as separate what indicates *** dual or sound plural, it has become clear "
The Shaykh : It has become clear.
The reader: " or sound plural, it has become clear.
He said: In diminutives, the elongated feminine alif, the feminine ta', the extra yaa' of the genitive, the end of the annexed, the end of the compound, the alif and noon added after four letters or more, the marker of the dual, and the marker of the sound plural are not considered. The meaning of these not being considered is that it does not harm for them to remain separated from the yaa' of the diminutive by two original letters. So for Jakhdba, it is Jakhidba; for Hanzala, Hani'ala; for 'Abqari, 'Abiqari; for Baalbek, Ba'ilbek; for 'Abd Allah, 'Abid Allah; for Za'faraan, Za'ifraan; for Muslimin, Masi'lin; for Muslimin, Masi'lin; and for Muslimat, Masi'lat ".
The Shaykh : Good, the meaning is that what exceeds four letters, and for this reason the author said: " after four " because what does not exceed four letters, it has been previously stated that it is not considered separate, but the letter before it must be opened (fatha) as previously mentioned. So what do we say for Sakran?
The student: Sakiran.
The Shaykh : Sakiran. As for what is after four letters, he says to consider it separate, consider it separate. And if we consider it separate, then what is on four letters is diminished on what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : On fa'i'il. So if we consider it separate, we must break (kasra) what is after the yaa' of the diminutive. The example now: Jakhdba, Jakhdba. The elongated feminine alif, what did it become? An addition to the four, meaning the fifth. We do not change the pattern of the active participle because of it, but we say for it Jakhid_baa, and we do not say Jakhid_baa (with fatha). Whereas for Hamra, what do we say?
The student: Humira. What is the difference, even though both have an elongated alif? The difference is because the elongated alif in Jakhdba became the fifth or more, and the elongated feminine alif in Hamra?
The student: The fourth.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The fourth.
The Shaykh : The fourth. So we take the rule: Does the elongated feminine alif after four letters change the pattern of the diminutive or not?
The student: It does not change.
The Shaykh : And for this reason he said to make it separate:
" and its ta' are considered separate "
The ta' is like Hanzala. Hanzala has the feminine ta'. Is the feminine ta' the fifth or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Meaning after the four. We do not change the pattern of the diminutive because of it, so we say for Hanzala: Hani'ala, and we do not say: Hani'ala (with fatha). What is the difference? Because the feminine ta' became the fifth. If it becomes the fifth, we consider it separate. Good, he says:
" Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive "
The extra letter at the end of the genitive, but it exceeds, like 'Abqari. The 'ayn, ba, qaf, and ra are four letters, and the yaa' is an addition to the four. This is also considered separate so that we do not change the pattern of the diminutive. So what do we say for 'Abqari here?
The student: 'Abiqari.
The Shaykh : 'Abiqari. Good, he says.
The student: The yaa' is shadda (doubled).
The Shaykh : 'Abqari is shadda, but the yaa' is one letter. For this reason he said:
" Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive "
So the shadda yaa' is the yaa' of the genitive.
" and the end of the annexed and the compound "
It is known that the end of the annexed is separate; it is actually separate. What is the end of the annexed? It is the annexed-to (the noun to which it is attached). So what do we say for 'Abd Allah here?
The student: 'Abid Allah.
The Shaykh : 'Abid Allah, and we make what is after the yaa' of the diminutive as if it is separate from its end. But know that 'Abid Allah and the like are subject to grammatical factors, subject to grammatical factors. So you say: I saw 'Abid_allah (accusative), and I passed by 'Abid_allah (genitive), and this is 'Abid_allah (nominative). He says:
" And so are the two additions of fa'laan *** after four letters "
His saying " after four letters " refers to what was mentioned before, like: Za'faraan. Za'faraan: the zay, 'ayn, fa, and ra, and the alif and noon are additions after four. So we say for Za'faraan: Za'ifraan.
The student: No, Zu'ifraan.
The Shaykh : Yes, we say Za'ifraan. I want you to say it incorrectly: Za'ifraan, unlike Sakran, for which we say: Sakiran. Why? Because the alif and noon in Za'faraan are additions to four letters, so they are considered separate.
" And consider as separate what indicates *** dual or sound plural, it has become clear "
Meaning it has become clear, so we consider it separate. And if we consider it separate, we diminish it on fa'i'il. So what do we say for Muslimin here? Masi'lin, right? And we say for Muslimin Masi'lin. We consider it as if it is Muslim, and for Muslim do we say Masi'm, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Fu'i'il, and we do not say Masi'm. So for Muslimin do we say?
The student: Masi'lin.
The Shaykh : Masi'lin, and we do not say: Masi'lin (with fatha on the mim). And for Muslimin we say: Masi'lin, and we do not say: Masi'lin (with fatha on the mim), because we consider the marker of the dual and the plural as separate.
The student: O Shaykh, the common people diminish ...
The Shaykh : ...
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: They diminish ...
The Shaykh : ...
Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive *** and the end of the annexed and the compound
And so are the two additions of fa'laan ... after four letters, like za'faraan
And consider as separate what indicates *** dual or sound plural, it has become clear "
The Shaykh : It has become clear.
The reader: " or sound plural, it has become clear.
He said: In diminutives, the elongated feminine alif, the feminine ta', the extra yaa' of the genitive, the end of the annexed, the end of the compound, the alif and noon added after four letters or more, the marker of the dual, and the marker of the sound plural are not considered. The meaning of these not being considered is that it does not harm for them to remain separated from the yaa' of the diminutive by two original letters. So for Jakhdba, it is Jakhidba; for Hanzala, Hani'ala; for 'Abqari, 'Abiqari; for Baalbek, Ba'ilbek; for 'Abd Allah, 'Abid Allah; for Za'faraan, Za'ifraan; for Muslimin, Masi'lin; for Muslimin, Masi'lin; and for Muslimat, Masi'lat ".
The Shaykh : Good, the meaning is that what exceeds four letters, and for this reason the author said: " after four " because what does not exceed four letters, it has been previously stated that it is not considered separate, but the letter before it must be opened (fatha) as previously mentioned. So what do we say for Sakran?
The student: Sakiran.
The Shaykh : Sakiran. As for what is after four letters, he says to consider it separate, consider it separate. And if we consider it separate, then what is on four letters is diminished on what?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : On fa'i'il. So if we consider it separate, we must break (kasra) what is after the yaa' of the diminutive. The example now: Jakhdba, Jakhdba. The elongated feminine alif, what did it become? An addition to the four, meaning the fifth. We do not change the pattern of the active participle because of it, but we say for it Jakhid_baa, and we do not say Jakhid_baa (with fatha). Whereas for Hamra, what do we say?
The student: Humira. What is the difference, even though both have an elongated alif? The difference is because the elongated alif in Jakhdba became the fifth or more, and the elongated feminine alif in Hamra?
The student: The fourth.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The fourth.
The Shaykh : The fourth. So we take the rule: Does the elongated feminine alif after four letters change the pattern of the diminutive or not?
The student: It does not change.
The Shaykh : And for this reason he said to make it separate:
" and its ta' are considered separate "
The ta' is like Hanzala. Hanzala has the feminine ta'. Is the feminine ta' the fifth or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Meaning after the four. We do not change the pattern of the diminutive because of it, so we say for Hanzala: Hani'ala, and we do not say: Hani'ala (with fatha). What is the difference? Because the feminine ta' became the fifth. If it becomes the fifth, we consider it separate. Good, he says:
" Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive "
The extra letter at the end of the genitive, but it exceeds, like 'Abqari. The 'ayn, ba, qaf, and ra are four letters, and the yaa' is an addition to the four. This is also considered separate so that we do not change the pattern of the diminutive. So what do we say for 'Abqari here?
The student: 'Abiqari.
The Shaykh : 'Abiqari. Good, he says.
The student: The yaa' is shadda (doubled).
The Shaykh : 'Abqari is shadda, but the yaa' is one letter. For this reason he said:
" Likewise, the extra letter at the end for the genitive "
So the shadda yaa' is the yaa' of the genitive.
" and the end of the annexed and the compound "
It is known that the end of the annexed is separate; it is actually separate. What is the end of the annexed? It is the annexed-to (the noun to which it is attached). So what do we say for 'Abd Allah here?
The student: 'Abid Allah.
The Shaykh : 'Abid Allah, and we make what is after the yaa' of the diminutive as if it is separate from its end. But know that 'Abid Allah and the like are subject to grammatical factors, subject to grammatical factors. So you say: I saw 'Abid_allah (accusative), and I passed by 'Abid_allah (genitive), and this is 'Abid_allah (nominative). He says:
" And so are the two additions of fa'laan *** after four letters "
His saying " after four letters " refers to what was mentioned before, like: Za'faraan. Za'faraan: the zay, 'ayn, fa, and ra, and the alif and noon are additions after four. So we say for Za'faraan: Za'ifraan.
The student: No, Zu'ifraan.
The Shaykh : Yes, we say Za'ifraan. I want you to say it incorrectly: Za'ifraan, unlike Sakran, for which we say: Sakiran. Why? Because the alif and noon in Za'faraan are additions to four letters, so they are considered separate.
" And consider as separate what indicates *** dual or sound plural, it has become clear "
Meaning it has become clear, so we consider it separate. And if we consider it separate, we diminish it on fa'i'il. So what do we say for Muslimin here? Masi'lin, right? And we say for Muslimin Masi'lin. We consider it as if it is Muslim, and for Muslim do we say Masi'm, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Fu'i'il, and we do not say Masi'm. So for Muslimin do we say?
The student: Masi'lin.
The Shaykh : Masi'lin, and we do not say: Masi'lin (with fatha on the mim). And for Muslimin we say: Masi'lin, and we do not say: Masi'lin (with fatha on the mim), because we consider the marker of the dual and the plural as separate.
The student: O Shaykh, the common people diminish ...
The Shaykh : ...
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: They diminish ...
The Shaykh : ...