Ruling on following the imam if he adds a rak'ah
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Question:
The listener: Nasser Sa'ud Shu'ayl al-Harbi, from al-Qassim, al-Dhaybiyah, sent a question, saying: Does the ma'mum stand up with the imam if the imam adds a rak'ah to the prayer by mistake? If the ma'mum knows that the prayer is complete, and if the ma'mum stands up with the imam in the extra rak'ah, and the ma'mum knows that it is extra, is his prayer valid or not?
Answer:
If the ma'mum knows that the imam has added a rak'ah, he does not stand up with him; he sits and alerts him, saying: Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah. And the imam must return if two or more people alert him by saying Subhan Allah; he must return, sit, recite the tashahhud, and perform the prostration for forgetfulness, then conclude the prayer. If he refuses and does not return, they do not follow him; they sit and wait for him, even the masbuq who was ahead of him does not follow him; he sits because it is a mistake, and they know that it is a mistake, so they do not follow him. If they followed him while ignorant of the legal ruling, their prayer is valid. Even if they knew it was extra, if they were ignorant of the legal ruling and thought that following him was obligatory for them, then the prayer is valid.
As for if they know the legal ruling, and that it is not permissible for them, and then they followed him, their prayer is invalid; because they intentionally added to the prayer. But if they were ignorant, even if they knew it was extra, as long as they thought that following him was obligatory for them, then standing up with him does not harm them; their prayer is valid because they were ignorant.
As for the one who knows that it is extra, and knows the legal ruling, and that it is not permissible for him to follow the imam in the addition, he does not stand up; he does not stand up and does not follow him. And if he follows him, his prayer is invalid.
And likewise in the case of omission, if he sat in the third rak'ah, in the Zuhr, 'Asr, and 'Isha' prayers, and they alerted him and he did not stand up, they stand up and leave him; they stand up and complete the prayer for themselves. And if he was correct in his belief, his prayer is valid. And if he had no belief [that he was correct], and did not stand up, his prayer is invalid; because it is obligatory for him to follow those who alerted him if they were two or more. So if he sat and did not complete, and the alerters reached the threshold, then his prayer is invalid at that time; because he intentionally omitted. Unless he believed that he was correct for himself; if he believed that he was the one who was correct and they were the ones who were wrong, his prayer is valid, and they have their belief, and he has his belief, and they have their belief. Their prayer is valid if they believed that they were correct, and his prayer is valid because he believed that he was the one who was correct.
And it is upon all of them in such matters to be attentive so that they do not fall into invalidity. So when he enters the prayer, he focuses on it with his heart and is attentive, being humble in it, so that he does not make a mistake. If a mistake occurs, he acts according to the law of Allah. If it is the imam, they alert him: Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah. If it is an addition, they do not follow him in the addition. And if it is an omission, they do not follow him in the omission, if they know that he added or omitted. So if they know of the addition, they sit and wait for him. And if they know of the omission, they stand up. If he does not follow them, they stand up and complete. And it is upon him the prostration for forgetfulness if he added or omitted; it is upon him the prostration for forgetfulness, and they follow him in the prostration. If it was an addition, and he returned due to their alerting, he completed the prayer and prostrated for forgetfulness. And if it was an omission, he stood up and made up the omission and prostrated for forgetfulness, and they prostrated with him. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good.
The listener: Nasser Sa'ud Shu'ayl al-Harbi, from al-Qassim, al-Dhaybiyah, sent a question, saying: Does the ma'mum stand up with the imam if the imam adds a rak'ah to the prayer by mistake? If the ma'mum knows that the prayer is complete, and if the ma'mum stands up with the imam in the extra rak'ah, and the ma'mum knows that it is extra, is his prayer valid or not?
Answer:
If the ma'mum knows that the imam has added a rak'ah, he does not stand up with him; he sits and alerts him, saying: Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah. And the imam must return if two or more people alert him by saying Subhan Allah; he must return, sit, recite the tashahhud, and perform the prostration for forgetfulness, then conclude the prayer. If he refuses and does not return, they do not follow him; they sit and wait for him, even the masbuq who was ahead of him does not follow him; he sits because it is a mistake, and they know that it is a mistake, so they do not follow him. If they followed him while ignorant of the legal ruling, their prayer is valid. Even if they knew it was extra, if they were ignorant of the legal ruling and thought that following him was obligatory for them, then the prayer is valid.
As for if they know the legal ruling, and that it is not permissible for them, and then they followed him, their prayer is invalid; because they intentionally added to the prayer. But if they were ignorant, even if they knew it was extra, as long as they thought that following him was obligatory for them, then standing up with him does not harm them; their prayer is valid because they were ignorant.
As for the one who knows that it is extra, and knows the legal ruling, and that it is not permissible for him to follow the imam in the addition, he does not stand up; he does not stand up and does not follow him. And if he follows him, his prayer is invalid.
And likewise in the case of omission, if he sat in the third rak'ah, in the Zuhr, 'Asr, and 'Isha' prayers, and they alerted him and he did not stand up, they stand up and leave him; they stand up and complete the prayer for themselves. And if he was correct in his belief, his prayer is valid. And if he had no belief [that he was correct], and did not stand up, his prayer is invalid; because it is obligatory for him to follow those who alerted him if they were two or more. So if he sat and did not complete, and the alerters reached the threshold, then his prayer is invalid at that time; because he intentionally omitted. Unless he believed that he was correct for himself; if he believed that he was the one who was correct and they were the ones who were wrong, his prayer is valid, and they have their belief, and he has his belief, and they have their belief. Their prayer is valid if they believed that they were correct, and his prayer is valid because he believed that he was the one who was correct.
And it is upon all of them in such matters to be attentive so that they do not fall into invalidity. So when he enters the prayer, he focuses on it with his heart and is attentive, being humble in it, so that he does not make a mistake. If a mistake occurs, he acts according to the law of Allah. If it is the imam, they alert him: Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah. If it is an addition, they do not follow him in the addition. And if it is an omission, they do not follow him in the omission, if they know that he added or omitted. So if they know of the addition, they sit and wait for him. And if they know of the omission, they stand up. If he does not follow them, they stand up and complete. And it is upon him the prostration for forgetfulness if he added or omitted; it is upon him the prostration for forgetfulness, and they follow him in the prostration. If it was an addition, and he returned due to their alerting, he completed the prayer and prostrated for forgetfulness. And if it was an omission, he stood up and made up the omission and prostrated for forgetfulness, and they prostrated with him. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.