What Happened Between Musa and Adam (peace be upon them both)
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The first question of Fatwa No. ( 18959 )
Q 1: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in response to Jibril (peace be upon him), who asked him about faith: narrated by Muslim , and it is established in (the two Sahihs): Sahih Muslim 2652a and in Ahmad : "So Adam refuted him." How do we reconcile between the two expressions: the first being: Sahih Muslim 8a , and the second being: Sunan Abi Dawud 4701Sahih (Al-Albani) , and Adam's argument based on divine decree in his saying: Sahih Muslim 2652a . The apparent meaning of the hadith is that Musa (peace be upon him) did not submit to the divine decree of Allah the Exalted, and this is impossible for him. We seek clarification and explanation. May Allah reward you.
A 1: Musa (peace be upon him) blamed Adam (peace be upon him) for the calamity that befell him and his descendants, which was: their expulsion from Paradise due to the sin he committed. He did not blame him for the sin itself; because he had repented from it, and the one who repents from a sin is like one who has no sin. So Adam (peace be upon him) argued with the prior divine decree regarding the occurrence of this calamity. Arguing with divine decree regarding calamities is prescribed in order to prevent despair and dissatisfaction. Allah the Exalted said:
so that you do not grieve over what has escaped you, nor rejoice over what He has given you. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Hadid 57:22-23] And Allah the Exalted said: [At-Taghabun 64:11] . 'Uqbay ibn 'Amir said: (It is the man who is struck by a calamity, and he knows that it is from Allah, so he is pleased and submits). And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 2664 narrated by Muslim in (his Sahih). And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
Q 1: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in response to Jibril (peace be upon him), who asked him about faith:
Faith is that you believe in Allah... and you believe in divine decree, its good and its evil
الإيمان أن تؤمن بالله... وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشرهThere was argument between Adam and Moses. Moses said to Adam: You are our father. You did us harm and caused us to get out of Paradise. Adam said to him: You are Moses. Allah selected you (for direct conversation with you) and wrote with His own Hand the Book (Torah) for you. Despite this you blame me for an act which Allah had ordained for me forty years before He created me.
احتج آدم وموسى وفي لفظ: تحاج آدم وموسى: يا آدم أنت أبونا خيبتنا، وأخرجتنا من الجنة. فقال له آدم: أنت موسى اصطفاك الله بكلامه، وخط لك التوراة بيده، أتلومني على أمر قدَّره الله عليَّ قبل أن يخلقني بأربعين سنة. فحج آدم موسى ثلاثًاand you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil
وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشرهAdam you are our father. You deprived us and caused us to come out from Paradise.
أنت أبونا خيبتنا وأخرجتنا من الجنةyou blame me for an act which Allah had ordained for me forty years before He created me
أتلومني على أمر قدره الله عليّ قبل أن يخلقني بأربعين سنةA 1: Musa (peace be upon him) blamed Adam (peace be upon him) for the calamity that befell him and his descendants, which was: their expulsion from Paradise due to the sin he committed. He did not blame him for the sin itself; because he had repented from it, and the one who repents from a sin is like one who has no sin. So Adam (peace be upon him) argued with the prior divine decree regarding the occurrence of this calamity. Arguing with divine decree regarding calamities is prescribed in order to prevent despair and dissatisfaction. Allah the Exalted said:
so that you do not grieve over what has escaped you, nor rejoice over what He has given you. Allah the Exalted said:
(22) No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into being - indeed that, for Allah, is easy - (23) In order that you not despair over what has eluded you and not exult [in pride] over what He has given you. And Allah does not like everyone self-deluded and boastful -
مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فِي الأَرْضِ وَلاَ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِلا فِي كِتَابٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ (22) لِكَيْلاَ تَأْسَوْا عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلاَ تَفْرَحُوا بِمَا آتَاكُمْNo disaster strikes except by permission of Allah. And whoever believes in Allah - He will guide his heart
مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُcherish that which gives you benefit (in the Hereafter) and seek help from Allah and do not lose heart, and if anything (in the form of trouble) comes to you, don't say: If I had not done that, it would not have happened so and so, but say: Allah did that what He had ordained to do and your" if" opens the (gate) for the Satan.
احرص على ما ينفعك واستعن بالله ولا تعجزن، وإن أصابك شيء فلا تقل لو أني فعلت لكان كذا وكذا، ولكن قل قدر الله وما شاء فعل، فإن لو تفتح عمل الشيطان
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.