The first question of Fatwa number ( 8943 ): Q1: What are the types of tawhid (the oneness of Allah), and what is the definition of each? A1: There are three types of tawhid (the oneness of Allah): tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship), tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship), and tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes). Tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship) is singling out Allah the Exalted for creation, provision, giving life, causing death, and all forms of management and administration of the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and singling Him out for judgment and legislation by sending the messengers and sending down the books. Allah the Exalted said: أَلا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالأَمْرُ تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allah, Lord of the worlds. [Al-A'raf 7:54] . Tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship) is singling out Allah the Exalted for worship, so that no one else is worshipped, no one else is called upon, no one else is called for aid or assistance, and no vows are made, no animals are slaughtered, and no sacrifices are offered except for Him. Allah the Exalted said: قُلْ إِنَّ صَلاَتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (162) لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَبِذَلِكَ أُمِرْتُ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (162) Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds. (163) No partner has He. And this I have been commanded, and I am the first [among you] of the Muslims." [Al-An'am 6:162-163] , and He said: فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone]. [Al-Kawthar 108:2] . Tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes) is describing Allah the Exalted and naming Him with what He has described and named Himself with, and with what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has described and named Him with in the authentic hadiths, and affirming that for Him without likening Allah to creation, comparing Allah to creation, or without figurative interpretation or denial of the divine attributes, لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the Hearing, the Seeing. [Ash-Shuraa 42:11] . And success is from Allah. May Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.

Types of Tawhid

The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta

Machine translationRead the Arabic original

The first question of Fatwa number ( 8943 ):
Q1: What are the types of tawhid (the oneness of Allah), and what is the definition of each?
A1: There are three types of tawhid (the oneness of Allah): tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship), tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship), and tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes). Tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship) is singling out Allah the Exalted for creation, provision, giving life, causing death, and all forms of management and administration of the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and singling Him out for judgment and legislation by sending the messengers and sending down the books. Allah the Exalted said:

Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allah, Lord of the worlds.

أَلا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالأَمْرُ تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ

[Al-A'raf 7:54]

. Tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship) is singling out Allah the Exalted for worship, so that no one else is worshipped, no one else is called upon, no one else is called for aid or assistance, and no vows are made, no animals are slaughtered, and no sacrifices are offered except for Him. Allah the Exalted said:

⁽¹⁶²⁾ Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds. ⁽¹⁶³⁾ No partner has He. And this I have been commanded, and I am the first [among you] of the Muslims."

قُلْ إِنَّ صَلاَتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (162) لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَبِذَلِكَ أُمِرْتُ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ

[Al-An'am 6:162-163]

, and He said:

So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone].

فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ

[Al-Kawthar 108:2]

. Tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes) is describing Allah the Exalted and naming Him with what He has described and named Himself with, and with what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has described and named Him with in the authentic hadiths, and affirming that for Him without likening Allah to creation, comparing Allah to creation,
or without figurative interpretation or denial of the divine attributes,

There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the Hearing, the Seeing.

لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ

[Ash-Shuraa 42:11]

. And success is from Allah. May Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.

Source www.alifta.gov.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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