Types of Tawhid
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Question: Given my lack of knowledge about the types of tawhid (the oneness of Allah) and its reality, and my desire to be free from shirk (associating partners with Allah), I ask you to answer this question?
What are the types of tawhid, with an explanation of each type?
Answer: May Allah increase you in the desire for good. In fact, this indicates your concern for your creed. It is obligatory for every Muslim to be concerned with his creed, because it is the foundation
upon which his actions are built,Actions are only valid and rewarded for them with two conditions:
The first: that they be built upon a sound creed.
And the second condition: That they be in accordance with what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) legislated.
So your concern for your creed, and your eagerness to know the types of tawhid, indicates goodness, and that you, praise be to Allah, seek the truth and seek the correct creed. This is obligatory for every Muslim.
As for the types of tawhid,So tawhid is of three types:
The first: tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship),And its meaning is: is singling out Allah the Exalted in His actions, such as creation, provision, giving life, causing death, harm, and benefit, and other actions of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He). The Muslim believes that He has no partner in His lordship.
And the second type: tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship),And it is: is singling out Allah the Exalted in the types of worship He has legislated, such as prayer, fasting, Hajj, zakah, supplication, vows, hope, reliance, fear, and awe, up to all types of worship. Singling out Allah the Exalted in these is called tawhid al-uluhiyyah, and this type is what is required of creation.
As for the first type, which is tawhid al-rububiyyah, creation is in agreement with it, even the polytheists to whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent are in agreement with tawhid al-rububiyyah,As in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surah al-Zukhruf: 87] ,and His saying, the Exalted: [Surah al-Mu'minun: 86, 87] , and other verses that indicate that the polytheists
are in agreement with tawhid al-rububiyyah, but what is required of them is to single out Allah the Exalted in worship, if they acknowledge His tawhid al-rububiyyah.
And all the messengers only called to the oneness of worship, as in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surah al-Nahl: 36] , so every messenger calls his people to the oneness of worship.
As for tawhid al-rububiyyah, this exists and is acknowledged, but it is not sufficient.
And the third type: tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes), which is that we affirm for Allah (Mighty and Majestic) what He has affirmed for Himself, and what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has affirmed for Him, of names and attributes, and we deny what He has denied of Himself, and what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has denied for Him, of deficiencies and defects. These are the three types of tawhid that it is obligatory for the Muslim to know, care for, and act upon.
What are the types of tawhid, with an explanation of each type?
Answer: May Allah increase you in the desire for good. In fact, this indicates your concern for your creed. It is obligatory for every Muslim to be concerned with his creed, because it is the foundation
upon which his actions are built,Actions are only valid and rewarded for them with two conditions:
The first: that they be built upon a sound creed.
And the second condition: That they be in accordance with what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) legislated.
So your concern for your creed, and your eagerness to know the types of tawhid, indicates goodness, and that you, praise be to Allah, seek the truth and seek the correct creed. This is obligatory for every Muslim.
As for the types of tawhid,So tawhid is of three types:
The first: tawhid al-rububiyyah (oneness of lordship),And its meaning is: is singling out Allah the Exalted in His actions, such as creation, provision, giving life, causing death, harm, and benefit, and other actions of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He). The Muslim believes that He has no partner in His lordship.
And the second type: tawhid al-uluhiyyah (oneness of worship),And it is: is singling out Allah the Exalted in the types of worship He has legislated, such as prayer, fasting, Hajj, zakah, supplication, vows, hope, reliance, fear, and awe, up to all types of worship. Singling out Allah the Exalted in these is called tawhid al-uluhiyyah, and this type is what is required of creation.
As for the first type, which is tawhid al-rububiyyah, creation is in agreement with it, even the polytheists to whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent are in agreement with tawhid al-rububiyyah,As in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And if you asked them who created them, they would surely say, "Allah."
وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ(86) Say, "Who is Lord of the seven heavens and Lord of the Great Throne?" (87) They will say, "[They belong] to Allah."
قُلْ مَنْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِare in agreement with tawhid al-rububiyyah, but what is required of them is to single out Allah the Exalted in worship, if they acknowledge His tawhid al-rububiyyah.
And all the messengers only called to the oneness of worship, as in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], "Worship Allah and avoid Taghut."
وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولًا أَنِ اُعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَAs for tawhid al-rububiyyah, this exists and is acknowledged, but it is not sufficient.
And the third type: tawhid al-asma' wa al-sifat (oneness of the names and attributes), which is that we affirm for Allah (Mighty and Majestic) what He has affirmed for Himself, and what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has affirmed for Him, of names and attributes, and we deny what He has denied of Himself, and what His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) has denied for Him, of deficiencies and defects. These are the three types of tawhid that it is obligatory for the Muslim to know, care for, and act upon.