Declaring a specific person a disbeliever and declaring a non-specific person a disbeliever
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The second question of Fatwa No. ( 6109 ):
Q2: Do scholars have the right to say about a certain person: he is a disbeliever, and accuse him of disbelief?
A2: Declaring a non-specific person a disbeliever is prescribed (mashru') by saying: whoever calls for aid from other than Allah in matters that are the exclusive domain of Allah is a disbeliever, such as one who calls for aid from a prophet or a close friend of Allah (wali) to heal him or his child, for example. Declaring a specific person a disbeliever is obligatory if he denies what is known from the religion by necessity, such as prayer, or zakah, or fasting, after the message has been conveyed. He should be advised; if he repents, otherwise it is obligatory for the one in authority to kill him for disbelief. Had declaring a specific person a disbeliever not been prescribed when he does what necessitates his disbelief, no hudud punishment would have been established for an apostate from Islam. And success is from Allah. May Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.