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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling on a woman working, with evidence?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner : I want, I mean, a comprehensive statement regarding a woman’s work... I mean... guidelines?

The Shaykh: Yes.

The questioner : ... comprehensive with evidence for the prohibition or for the permissibility.

The Shaykh : I do not doubt that it is not among the duties of a woman... and in the early times when the mixing of women and men was not widespread at that time... it is not among the duties of a woman in any era, even in the three... best centuries, to leave her home and work... for herself, otherwise she may be compelled... by a hardship befalling her to leave her home to obtain her sustenance and that of her children... there is no one to support them. This is taken from, for example, the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
And abide in your houses and do not display yourselves as [was] the display of the former times of ignorance وَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولَى
[Al-Ahzab 33:33]
, so He, the Exalted, commanded the women in this verse to remain in their homes and not to go out. This is the principle in which women differ from men; the principle in... what exposes her to committing a sin among the sins of her Lord. This is contrary to this Qur'anic text and contrary to the hadith... of this meaning... of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), as it came in various places in the authentic collections, warning the women not to go out... to the place of prayer of the Muslims to witness the good and the call of the Muslims in the mosques, such as the five prayers... he, peace be upon him, explicitly stated...
And their homes are better for them وبيوتهم خيرٌ لهنَّ
... regarding the presence of women in the mosques, and what is recited therein of the Book of Allah and what is mentioned therein of the hadith of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and in this there is much good... we found the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in this hadith and others like it encouraging the women not to go out to the mosques, so how is it permissible... without necessity, or at least without need, for them to go out to the markets and to places of mixing, and the Messenger (peace be upon him) says:
The best of places are the mosques, and the worst of places are the markets خير البقاع المساجد ، وشرُّ البقاع الأسواق
Al-Mustadrak lil-Hakim 2:17
... as a system in the life of the woman, so what do you say if... if... the work or... for her in any place or in any house of... the governments, there is no doubt that she exposes herself to mixing, and mixing is prohibited in Islam in the most sacred of places, which are the mosques, as we mentioned. So we all know the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him):
the best of the men’s row is the first and the worst of them is the last, but the best of the women’s rows is the last and the worst of them is the first. خير صفوف الرجال أولها ، وشرُّها آخرها ، وخير صفوف النساء آخرها ، وشرُّها أولها
Sunan Abi Dawud 678Sahih (Al-Albani)
All of this is planned and organized by the Messenger (peace be upon him) in order to prevent women and men from mixing with one another in the best of places; so what do we say about other places and other societies in which occurs what Allah and His Messenger do not approve of?! And the care of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in preventing women and men from mixing with them reached the point that, as Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) says: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when he finished his prayer, would remain for a short while." Umm Salama or one of the narrators of the hadith, who is al-Zuhri, according to the differences in the narrations... "he only did that so that the women would depart and leave before the men go out." This is his teaching (peace be upon him) and upbringing of the women to leave the mosques before the men so that nothing of mixing occurs on the road while they are heading to their homes; therefore, I do not see for a woman in this time, absolutely, to take up any job that exposes her to mixing with men, nor even to work an independent job as some women do, and especially in some villages, to set up a place, a shop, where she sells to people, men and women; even this I do not see except within the limits of necessity or the need I alluded to earlier.
This is what I have on this matter, and Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is the one who grants success.
Source www.al-albany.com

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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