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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Is it permissible to recite the Qur'an without performing wudu'?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : As for the second part of this question: Is it permissible to recite the Qur'an without performing wudu'? The answer is: Yes, it is permissible, but it is more complete for the reciter, whether male or female, to be in a state of wudu'. Here is a text regarding this, which is the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man greeted him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had just relieved himself, and when the man passed by and greeted him, the Prophet turned toward the wall, performed tayammum, and said:
And peace be upon you. وعليكم السلام
. He did not return the greeting until after performing tayammum, and he said to him (peace and blessings be upon him):
I disliked that I should mention Allah except in a state of purity. إنِّي كرهت أن أذكر الله إلا على طهر
Al-Mustadrak lil-Hakim 3:139
. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked mentioning Allah while in a state of impurity. What is the mention of Allah? It means "As-salamu alaykum" (Peace be upon you). He disliked mentioning the name of Allah, "As-Salam" (The Source of Peace). It has come in a hadith in the authentic collections:
Peace is one of the Names of Allah which Allah has placed on the earth. Extend it among you. السلام اسم من أسماء الله وَضَعَه في الأرض ؛ فأفشوه بينكم
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 1039
. So when a person says "As-salamu alaykum," it is exactly like what the common people say today: "The name of Allah be upon you." "As-salamu alaykum" means "The name of Allah be upon you," because "As-Salam" is one of the names of Allah that He placed on earth
So spread it among yourselves فأفشوه بينكم
. So when the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him) was surprised by the greeting of the one who greeted him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he had recently relieved himself, he disliked returning the greeting while in a state of impurity. So he hastened to the wall, performed tayammum, and returned the greeting. He excused his delay in returning the greeting by saying:
I disliked that I should mention Allah except in a state of purity. إنِّي كرهت أن أذكر الله إلا على طهر
Al-Mustadrak lil-Hakim 3:139
. From this, we understand that reciting the Qur'an in a state of complete purity is better, without any doubt or ambiguity. The same is said regarding touching the Qur'an. Perhaps the questioner intends not merely reciting the Qur'an, but reciting it from the mushaf, which requires touching the mushaf. It is better to touch the mushaf in a state of complete purity, but there is no text that forbids otherwise. There is no text that forbids a person in a state of janabah, whether male or female, from reciting the Qur'an. There is also no text that forbids him from touching it or reciting from it. There is also no text that forbids a menstruating woman from touching the Qur'an or reciting from it, especially since there is a known, natural, and inherent difference between janabah and menstruation. A person in a state of janabah can purify himself, but a menstruating woman, to whom Allah has prescribed known days for every woman, cannot purify herself until Allah purifies her by cutting off this custom. So it is said of her that she should not recite the Qur'an at all during the period of menstruation, whether five days, six days, more, or less. There is nothing in the Shari'ah that forbids this for her at all. Therefore, we do not say that it is better for a menstruating woman to purify herself, because this is not possible. But a person in a state of janabah, or one who is not in a state of wudu', can perform wudu', whether male or female, and this is the better course. As for the menstruating woman, she may recite the Qur'an, and she may recite directly from the mushaf, and there is absolutely nothing wrong with her doing so. She may recite, and there is absolutely nothing wrong with her doing so. In "Sahih al-Bukhari," it is narrated that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the Farewell Pilgrimage with his wives, and when he (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him) approached Makkah, he entered upon Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and found her crying. He said to her:
What is the matter with you? Have you started your period? ما لك ؟ أنفست ؟
. - Meaning, her menstruation had started. He said:
This is a decree that Allah has written for the daughters of Adam. So do what the pilgrim does, except that you do not perform tawaf and you do not pray. هذا أمرٌ قد كتبَه الله على بنات آدم ، فاصنعي ما يصنع الحاجُّ غير ألَّا تطوفي ولا تصلي
. In this text, the Wise Lawgiver allowed the menstruating woman, while she is on Hajj, to do everything a pilgrim does except for two things: she does not perform tawaf and she does not pray. So first, this benefits us by showing that she may enter the Sacred Mosque, because he did not prevent her from entering the mosque, but only from performing tawaf. The other thing related to our topic is that the woman recites the Qur'an, and the pilgrim recites the Qur'an. So, other than not performing tawaf around the Ka'bah, enter the Sacred Mosque, but do not perform tawaf around the Ka'bah. Recite the Qur'an, but do not pray, because a condition of prayer is purity, whereas a condition of recitation is not purity.
Source www.al-albany.com

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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