regarding qunut in the Fajr prayer.
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The questioner : ... ؟
The Shaykh : The regular qunut in the Fajr prayer is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in an authentic hadith. All that is the case is that it appears in some hadith books, such as al-Hakim’s al-Mustadrak, for example, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to recite qunut in the Fajr prayer until he departed this world.” If this hadith had a sound chain of narration, the fact that it included the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) persistence in qunut in Fajr would have made it a confirmed sunnah; because it explicitly states that the Messenger (peace be upon him) persisted in it until he departed this world. This would be the case if his hadith were authentic, but it is weak in two respects:
The first respect is that there is a man in its chain of narration known by his kunyah, Abu Ja’far al-Razi, whose name is Isa ibn Mahan. He is considered weak by the scholars of hadith. With the presence of this man in the chain of Anas ibn Malik’s hadith, the hadith falls from the rank of being used as evidence and is set aside; it is not acted upon, and no legal ruling is established based on it. This is from one perspective.
From another perspective, there is a report from Anas himself with a sound chain of narration that invalidates the explicit meaning of persistence. That is what Ibn Khuzaymah included in his Sahih with a sound chain of narration from Anas, who said:. So how can one say in the weak hadith, “He continued to recite qunut in the Fajr prayer until he departed this world,” when Anas, with a sound chain of narration, restricts qunut in all prayers to the qunut that jurists call qunut al-nazilah? Bulugh al-Maram 2:192. Therefore, the position of the majority of scholars is that continuous qunut in Fajr is not prescribed. Rather, they held that what is prescribed is what the authentic hadith of Anas and the hadiths of other Companions indicate: that qunut is prescribed in each of the five prayers, Fajr and the others, for a calamity that befalls the Muslims.
This is the answer to the issue of qunut in Fajr.
The Shaykh : The regular qunut in the Fajr prayer is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in an authentic hadith. All that is the case is that it appears in some hadith books, such as al-Hakim’s al-Mustadrak, for example, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to recite qunut in the Fajr prayer until he departed this world.” If this hadith had a sound chain of narration, the fact that it included the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) persistence in qunut in Fajr would have made it a confirmed sunnah; because it explicitly states that the Messenger (peace be upon him) persisted in it until he departed this world. This would be the case if his hadith were authentic, but it is weak in two respects:
The first respect is that there is a man in its chain of narration known by his kunyah, Abu Ja’far al-Razi, whose name is Isa ibn Mahan. He is considered weak by the scholars of hadith. With the presence of this man in the chain of Anas ibn Malik’s hadith, the hadith falls from the rank of being used as evidence and is set aside; it is not acted upon, and no legal ruling is established based on it. This is from one perspective.
From another perspective, there is a report from Anas himself with a sound chain of narration that invalidates the explicit meaning of persistence. That is what Ibn Khuzaymah included in his Sahih with a sound chain of narration from Anas, who said:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not recite qunut except when he supplicated for a group of people or against a group of people.
ما كان رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم - يقنت إلا إذا دعا لقوم أو على قومnever used to supplicate [i.e. Qunut in the prayer) except when he prayed for a people or when he prayed against a people
ما كان يقنت إلا إذا دعا لقوم أو على قومThis is the answer to the issue of qunut in Fajr.
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