How does a man pray if he wakes up near the sunrise? Does he start with the Sunnah first and then pray the obligatory prayer, or the other way around?

The questioner : If the time before the sun rises is not sufficient for anything but the obligatory prayer... the Sunnah; does he proceed directly to the obligatory prayer, or does he maintain the same order?

The Shaykh : This requires specification; the matter differs between the case where the time that became narrow for him was the time of the Sunnah; meaning he woke up for the Fajr prayer an hour or half an hour before the sunrise... he performs wudu with complete ease, and even performs ghusl if ghusl is required of him, and prays two rak'ahs of the Fajr Sunnah and two rak'ahs of the obligatory prayer, which is a voluntary prayer. But as they say in our region of Sham: "The man is in a hurry, now I pray, now I pray, now I pray," and he did not notice until this narrow time that you described. Here, he must make up the obligatory prayer, because if he occupied himself with the Sunnah and the sun rose on him, the obligatory prayer would be lost for him; because he woke up before the time by a duration.
As for another scenario: a man who woke up just before the sunrise. It is said to him: Assume yourself to be in the beginning of the time of Fajr. Perform wudu, and if the matter requires it, perform ghusl. Even if the sun rises, he prays the Sunnah, then prays the obligatory prayer.
I am pleased with this occasion by what is authentic from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), as narrated by Imam al-Bayhaqi in his book "Al-Sunan al-Kubra," that he led the Companions in prayer one day... the Fajr prayer, and he lengthened the recitation. It appears that, as they also say in our region of Sham: "The one who is generous revealed himself," so he kept reading and reading. When he finished the prayer, they said to him: "O Abu Bakr, the sun was about to rise!" He said: "If it rises, it will not find us heedless." Because he entered early and dragged it out; so if it rose on him, he would be in the obedience of Allah (Mighty and Majestic). Thus, we can take from this authentic report regarding the second scenario, the one who woke up just before the sunrise. He does not hesitate, and by Allah, we do not delay the obligatory prayer. No, he performs wudu as he usually does, then prays the Sunnah after the adhan, calling the adhan for himself and praying the Sunnah, then calls the iqamah for himself, then prays the obligatory prayer even if the sun rises on him. Why? Because it is authentic from the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: . This is a sleeping man who took a nap until the sun rose over the mountain. He does not say: "Now the prayer is disliked." No, this time is its time now. ; meaning: and when he wakes up for it, there is no expiation for it except that; meaning this is its time; because he is excused.
And in another hadith in "Sahih Muslim," it is stated that when the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Khaybar, they stopped in a place due to fatigue, and he instructed Bilal to watch for the dawn.

The questioner : If you please, if four fingers...

Another questioner : Meaning, do not open the window completely.

The Shaykh : He watches for them for the dawn, so he leaned his back against his camel and faced the place where the sun rises. Light emerges from there; no matter how deep in sleep he is, he will wake up. But he dragged it out with a nap until the sun rose. No one woke up due to the intensity of the fatigue of jihad. The first to wake up was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He got up like this and found all the people lying on the ground. So he started walking in the camp while saying takbir: "Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar." The first to wake up was the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He came to Bilal and said to him: . Look at how the Companions raised their voices to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) with frankness. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, what took me also took you!"

Those present : [Everyone laughs!]

The Shaykh: Glory be to Allah!
The point is: He ordered Bilal to call the adhan. When is this adhan? After the sunrise. And they prayed the two rak'ahs of the Fajr Sunnah, then he ordered them to establish the prayer, and he prayed with them aloud while the sun was rising.
From this hadith, the jurists derived the rule that prayer is made up as it was missed. Prayer is made up as it was missed. This prayer is a loud prayer; it was missed while it was a loud prayer; so when he remembered it, it was during the day; so we pray it aloud.
A man forgot the 'Asr prayer until the sun set. He remembered that he had the 'Asr prayer to make up. He calls the adhan and iqamah and prays quietly, even if he is praying at night. And the opposite is the opposite. From this hadith, they derived this benefit: that prayer is made up as it was missed.
And among the branches of this rule is a man who forgot a prayer, a four-rak'ah prayer while traveling. When he arrived in his hometown, he remembered. Does he pray it shortened or complete? No, he prays it shortened; because prayer is made up as it was missed. And the opposite is the opposite; a traveler went out and remembered that he had the 'Asr prayer to make up; does he pray it four rak'ahs while traveling, or does he pray it two rak'ahs? He prays it four rak'ahs; because it was missed in the state of residence, not travel. And so on. So this is one of the true benefits of the Sunnah that a person benefits from, and which the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) pointed to in the well-known hadith: .