Shirk and kufr (disbelief) are not attributed to a specific person until the argument is established against him
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One of the brothers spoke about major shirk (associating partners with Allah), such as calling upon other than Allah or seeking aid from other than Allah. Is it permissible to declare him specifically a mushrik (one who associates partners with Allah), or is there a difference between clear and hidden matters?
It is said: Whoever does this is a mushrik (one who associates partners with Allah), and whoever abandons prayer is a kafir (disbeliever). However, this ruling is not applied to a specific person until the argument is established against him, whether because he is knowledgeable but negligent, arrogant, or the like.
The questioner: Regarding the establishment of the argument, as long as he says "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah), prays, and performs some of the rituals of Islam?The Shaykh: But "La ilaha illa Allah" has conditions and nullifiers, and shirk (associating partners with Allah) contradicts it, and abandoning prayer contradicts it.
The questioner: Shaykh 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Hasan al-Shaykh mentioned in his treatise *Al-Fikak min Wahh al-Ishrak* regarding the declaration of a specific person as a disbeliever,He says: In such a case, the argument is established against him. These are clear matters, except for one who grew up in a place far from the abode of Islam; in that case, we do not say: Is he specifically a mushrik (one who associates partners with Allah)?The Shaykh: He understands that shirk (associating partners with Allah) is forbidden, he understands that shirk (associating partners with Allah) is a cause for eternal abode in the Fire, and he understands that whoever associates partners with Allah is forbidden from Paradise by Allah. However, he may not know that this specific matter is shirk (associating partners with Allah), and this is a possibility.
It is said: Whoever does this is a mushrik (one who associates partners with Allah), and whoever abandons prayer is a kafir (disbeliever). However, this ruling is not applied to a specific person until the argument is established against him, whether because he is knowledgeable but negligent, arrogant, or the like.
The questioner: Regarding the establishment of the argument, as long as he says "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah), prays, and performs some of the rituals of Islam?The Shaykh: But "La ilaha illa Allah" has conditions and nullifiers, and shirk (associating partners with Allah) contradicts it, and abandoning prayer contradicts it.
The questioner: Shaykh 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Hasan al-Shaykh mentioned in his treatise *Al-Fikak min Wahh al-Ishrak* regarding the declaration of a specific person as a disbeliever,He says: In such a case, the argument is established against him. These are clear matters, except for one who grew up in a place far from the abode of Islam; in that case, we do not say: Is he specifically a mushrik (one who associates partners with Allah)?The Shaykh: He understands that shirk (associating partners with Allah) is forbidden, he understands that shirk (associating partners with Allah) is a cause for eternal abode in the Fire, and he understands that whoever associates partners with Allah is forbidden from Paradise by Allah. However, he may not know that this specific matter is shirk (associating partners with Allah), and this is a possibility.