Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Except those who believed)
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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Except those who believed)]
Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Asr:3] Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, made an exception for these people who possess these four attributes: and that is as the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) explained when Jibril asked him about faith,He said: (That you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and that you believe in divine decree, its good and its evil) and explaining this hadith would be lengthy if we were to speak about it now, but we have spoken about it in many places, so those who believe in these six principles are the believers, but it must be a faith in which there is no doubt or hesitation,Meaning: that you believe in these things as if you see them with your own eyes.
And people in this regard are three categories: The first category: one who believes with pure faith in which there is no doubt or hesitation.
And the second category: A disbeliever who denies and rejects.
And the third category: One who hesitates.
So who is saved from these three categories? The one saved is the first category, the one who believes with faith in which there is no hesitation, who believes in Allah by His existence, His names, His attributes, His divinity, and His lordship, and other things known of the attributes of the Lord (Exalted and Majestic is He), and believes in the angels, who are the people of the unseen, created by Allah the Exalted from light, and He tasked them with works, some of which are known and some are not known, so Jibril (peace be upon him) is tasked with revelation, bringing it down from Allah to the prophets and messengers, and Mikail is tasked with rain and vegetation,Meaning: and Allah entrusted him with rain and everything related to rain and vegetation.
And Israfil is entrusted with blowing the Trumpet, and Malik is entrusted with the Fire, and Ridwan is entrusted with Paradise, and among the angels are those whose names we do not know and whose works we also do not know, but it came in a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): (There is no place in the sky the width of four fingers but that there is an angel standing for Allah, or bowing, or prostrating) .
Likewise: We believe in the books that Allah sent down upon the messengers (peace be upon them), and we believe in the messengers whom Allah related to us; we believe in them specifically, and those whom He did not relate to us we believe in them generally; because Allah did not relate to us all the news of the messengers,Allah the Exalted said: [Ghafir:78] .
And likewise, belief in the Last Day, which is the Day of Resurrection, the day when people come out of their graves for recompense, barefoot, naked, uncircumcised, and bewildered.
So the barefoot,Meaning: those who have no sandals or leather socks on them,Meaning: that their feet are bare,And the naked: those who have no clothes on them,And the uncircumcised: those who have not been circumcised,And the bewildered: those who have no wealth with them, they are gathered in that state, and when the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned that they are naked, Aisha said: (O Messenger of Allah! Do the men and women look at one another?He said: The matter is greater than that) meaning: greater than looking at one another; because every person is occupied with himself.
The Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him) said: And from belief in the Last Day is belief in everything the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) informed about that will happen after death, so it is obligatory for you to believe in the trial of the grave,Meaning: the test that occurs for the deceased when he is buried and his companions leave him, for two angels come to him and ask him about his Lord, his religion, and his Prophet, and you also believe that the grave is either a garden from the gardens of Paradise or a pit from the pits of the Fire,Meaning: that there is punishment or reward in it, and you also believe in Paradise and the Fire and everything related to the Last Day, for it is included in our saying: that you believe in Allah and the Last Day.
Divine decree is the determination of Allah, Mighty and Majestic,Meaning: you must know that Allah the Exalted decreed everything, and that is (that Allah created the Pen and said to it: Write,He said: and what do I write?He said: Write what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection, so it wrote at that moment what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection) .
Therefore: Faith in His saying:[Ash-Shu'ara 26:227] includes faith in the six principles that the Messenger (peace be upon him) explained.
Allah the Exalted said:
Except for those who have believed and done righteous deeds and advised each other to truth and advised each other to patience.
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِAnd people in this regard are three categories: The first category: one who believes with pure faith in which there is no doubt or hesitation.
And the second category: A disbeliever who denies and rejects.
And the third category: One who hesitates.
So who is saved from these three categories? The one saved is the first category, the one who believes with faith in which there is no hesitation, who believes in Allah by His existence, His names, His attributes, His divinity, and His lordship, and other things known of the attributes of the Lord (Exalted and Majestic is He), and believes in the angels, who are the people of the unseen, created by Allah the Exalted from light, and He tasked them with works, some of which are known and some are not known, so Jibril (peace be upon him) is tasked with revelation, bringing it down from Allah to the prophets and messengers, and Mikail is tasked with rain and vegetation,Meaning: and Allah entrusted him with rain and everything related to rain and vegetation.
And Israfil is entrusted with blowing the Trumpet, and Malik is entrusted with the Fire, and Ridwan is entrusted with Paradise, and among the angels are those whose names we do not know and whose works we also do not know, but it came in a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): (There is no place in the sky the width of four fingers but that there is an angel standing for Allah, or bowing, or prostrating) .
Likewise: We believe in the books that Allah sent down upon the messengers (peace be upon them), and we believe in the messengers whom Allah related to us; we believe in them specifically, and those whom He did not relate to us we believe in them generally; because Allah did not relate to us all the news of the messengers,Allah the Exalted said:
Among them are those [whose stories] We have related to you, and among them are those [whose stories] We have not related to you.
مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَصَصْنَا عَلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ نَقْصُصْ عَلَيْكَAnd likewise, belief in the Last Day, which is the Day of Resurrection, the day when people come out of their graves for recompense, barefoot, naked, uncircumcised, and bewildered.
So the barefoot,Meaning: those who have no sandals or leather socks on them,Meaning: that their feet are bare,And the naked: those who have no clothes on them,And the uncircumcised: those who have not been circumcised,And the bewildered: those who have no wealth with them, they are gathered in that state, and when the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned that they are naked, Aisha said: (O Messenger of Allah! Do the men and women look at one another?He said: The matter is greater than that) meaning: greater than looking at one another; because every person is occupied with himself.
The Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him) said: And from belief in the Last Day is belief in everything the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) informed about that will happen after death, so it is obligatory for you to believe in the trial of the grave,Meaning: the test that occurs for the deceased when he is buried and his companions leave him, for two angels come to him and ask him about his Lord, his religion, and his Prophet, and you also believe that the grave is either a garden from the gardens of Paradise or a pit from the pits of the Fire,Meaning: that there is punishment or reward in it, and you also believe in Paradise and the Fire and everything related to the Last Day, for it is included in our saying: that you believe in Allah and the Last Day.
Divine decree is the determination of Allah, Mighty and Majestic,Meaning: you must know that Allah the Exalted decreed everything, and that is (that Allah created the Pen and said to it: Write,He said: and what do I write?He said: Write what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection, so it wrote at that moment what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection) .
Therefore: Faith in His saying: