Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And if two groups of the believers fight, then make reconciliation between them)
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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And if two groups of the believers fight, then make reconciliation between them)]
In this session, we will speak about the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He: [Al-Hujurat: 9] .
(TWO GROUPS) The singular is *ta'ifah*: and it is a group of people.
And his statement: (FIGHTED) is plural; and it is plural because a group consists of many individuals; therefore, it is correct for the pronoun to refer to the dual in the plural form, considering the meaning,And otherwise, the requirement of the dual would be to say: And if two groups of the believers fought, so that the pronoun matches its referent, but it referred to it by meaning.
And the fighting between the believers has multiple causes: Whether it is bloodshed that occurs between them, or tribal arrogance and a call to the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, or a disagreement between them regarding limits, or otherwise; the important thing is that its causes are multiple. (Indeed, Satan has despaired of being worshipped in the Arabian Peninsula, but he has been content with sowing discord between you) He sows discord between them until some of them kill others. So when the fighting occurs, it is obligatory upon the other believers to make reconciliation between them.And for this he said: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM) Meaning: Strive for reconciliation by every means, even if it is by giving money, and by one of them relinquishing his right to the other, because reconciliation necessarily requires one of the parties to relinquish what he desires of his full right, otherwise the reconciliation would not be completed.And for this reason, when Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nisa: 128] Every person wants to complete his claim, so relinquishment is necessary.
So when we make reconciliation between them, He said: (BUT IF ONE OF THEM TRESPASSES AGAINST THE OTHER, THEN FIGHT THE ONE THAT TRESPASSES) Meaning: Suppose that after the reconciliation, one of the two groups returns to fighting the other. Here, there is no reconciliation. What do we do with them? We fight the one that trespasses (UNTIL IT RETURNS TO THE COMMAND OF ALLAH) Meaning: It returns to it,And the command of Allah, meaning: His religion and His Shari'ah.
So look at the first matter: reconciliation. If the reconciliation is completed and one of them trespasses against the other, it is obligatory that we help the one against whom the trespass is committed, so we fight with them against the one that trespasses (THEN FIGHT THE ONE THAT TRESPASSES UNTIL IT RETURNS TO THE COMMAND OF ALLAH) If it returns, then it is obligatory to cease fighting it. It is not permissible to finish off a wounded person, nor to pursue a fleeing person, nor to kill offspring, nor to take wealth as spoils; because these are believers.
(BUT IF THEY RETURN, THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE, AND BE JUST, FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) If it returns to the command of Allah after we fought it and it returned and war laid down its burdens, it is obligatory that we make reconciliation between them with justice.
And this is different from the first reconciliation. The first reconciliation is by stopping the fighting, and this reconciliation is by compensation,Meaning: That we look at what was destroyed for each group, then we equalize between them with justice.For example: If one of the two groups destroyed for the other what is worth one million riyals, and the second destroyed for the other what is worth one million riyals, then at that time the two groups are equal and they offset each other. If one of them destroyed for the other what is worth eight hundred thousand riyals, and the other destroyed what is worth one million, then the difference is two hundred thousand riyals, so we charge one hundred thousand riyals to the other one that destroyed what is worth one million.And for this he said: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE) .
(AND BE JUST, FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) (Be just) This is a command for justice, which is equity.And this is an affirmation of His saying: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE) .
(FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) Meaning: He loves the just ones.And it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): (That the just ones will be on minbars of light, on the right hand of the Most Merciful, who are just in their families and in what they are entrusted of the affairs of the Muslims) .
In this session, we will speak about the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two. But if one of them oppresses the other, then fight against the one that oppresses until it returns to the ordinance of Allah. And if it returns, then make settlement between them in justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.
وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا فَإِنْ بَغَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى الْأُخْرَى فَقَاتِلُوا الَّتِي تَبْغِي حَتَّى تَفِيءَ إِلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ فَاءَتْ فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا بِالْعَدْلِ وَأَقْسِطُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ(TWO GROUPS) The singular is *ta'ifah*: and it is a group of people.
And his statement: (FIGHTED) is plural; and it is plural because a group consists of many individuals; therefore, it is correct for the pronoun to refer to the dual in the plural form, considering the meaning,And otherwise, the requirement of the dual would be to say: And if two groups of the believers fought, so that the pronoun matches its referent, but it referred to it by meaning.
And the fighting between the believers has multiple causes: Whether it is bloodshed that occurs between them, or tribal arrogance and a call to the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, or a disagreement between them regarding limits, or otherwise; the important thing is that its causes are multiple. (Indeed, Satan has despaired of being worshipped in the Arabian Peninsula, but he has been content with sowing discord between you) He sows discord between them until some of them kill others. So when the fighting occurs, it is obligatory upon the other believers to make reconciliation between them.And for this he said: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM) Meaning: Strive for reconciliation by every means, even if it is by giving money, and by one of them relinquishing his right to the other, because reconciliation necessarily requires one of the parties to relinquish what he desires of his full right, otherwise the reconciliation would not be completed.And for this reason, when Allah the Exalted said:
and settlement is best. And present in [human] souls is stinginess
وَالصُّلْحُ خَيْرٌ وَأُحْضِرَتِ الْأَنْفُسُ الشُّحَّSo when we make reconciliation between them, He said: (BUT IF ONE OF THEM TRESPASSES AGAINST THE OTHER, THEN FIGHT THE ONE THAT TRESPASSES) Meaning: Suppose that after the reconciliation, one of the two groups returns to fighting the other. Here, there is no reconciliation. What do we do with them? We fight the one that trespasses (UNTIL IT RETURNS TO THE COMMAND OF ALLAH) Meaning: It returns to it,And the command of Allah, meaning: His religion and His Shari'ah.
So look at the first matter: reconciliation. If the reconciliation is completed and one of them trespasses against the other, it is obligatory that we help the one against whom the trespass is committed, so we fight with them against the one that trespasses (THEN FIGHT THE ONE THAT TRESPASSES UNTIL IT RETURNS TO THE COMMAND OF ALLAH) If it returns, then it is obligatory to cease fighting it. It is not permissible to finish off a wounded person, nor to pursue a fleeing person, nor to kill offspring, nor to take wealth as spoils; because these are believers.
(BUT IF THEY RETURN, THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE, AND BE JUST, FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) If it returns to the command of Allah after we fought it and it returned and war laid down its burdens, it is obligatory that we make reconciliation between them with justice.
And this is different from the first reconciliation. The first reconciliation is by stopping the fighting, and this reconciliation is by compensation,Meaning: That we look at what was destroyed for each group, then we equalize between them with justice.For example: If one of the two groups destroyed for the other what is worth one million riyals, and the second destroyed for the other what is worth one million riyals, then at that time the two groups are equal and they offset each other. If one of them destroyed for the other what is worth eight hundred thousand riyals, and the other destroyed what is worth one million, then the difference is two hundred thousand riyals, so we charge one hundred thousand riyals to the other one that destroyed what is worth one million.And for this he said: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE) .
(AND BE JUST, FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) (Be just) This is a command for justice, which is equity.And this is an affirmation of His saying: (THEN MAKE RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEM WITH JUSTICE) .
(FOR ALLAH LOVES THE JUST) Meaning: He loves the just ones.And it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): (That the just ones will be on minbars of light, on the right hand of the Most Merciful, who are just in their families and in what they are entrusted of the affairs of the Muslims) .