Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Those who practice zihar with their wives from among you, they are not their mothers.)
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Exegesis of His saying, the Exalted: (Those who practice zihar with their wives from among you, they are not their mothers)
Then Allah the Mighty and Majestic said: [Surah al-Mujadilah: 2] Allah the Mighty and Majestic exposed the lie of these people and said: [Al-Mujadila 58:2] The statement is: [Al-Mujadila 58:2] meaning: they are not their mothers. Who is the mother? The one who gave birth to you. [Al-Mujadila 58:2] So how can he make this woman, who is lawful for him and with whom he is permitted to have intercourse, his mother, whom he cannot make lawful under any circumstances? Is this truth and honesty or not? The answer? No,And for this he said:[Al-Mujadila 58:2] (a denial of the truth) because it is forbidden, (and a lie) because it is falsehood. So she is not his mother. In this is clear evidence for the prohibition of zihar, and that it is among the denials and lies. It is not permissible for anyone to practice zihar with his wife,If he forbids his wife without zihar by saying to her: "You are forbidden to me." Is this zihar, or divorce, or an oath? There is disagreement among the scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) regarding this, and the correct view is that it is an oath,If the man says to his wife: "You are forbidden to me" is an oath because it falls under the generality of the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surah al-Tahrim: 1-2] And Allah the Mighty and Majestic made clear that forbidding what is lawful is an oath. [At-Tahrim 66:2] So forbidding what is lawful is an oath, with no difference between a wife and anyone else,Someone might say: If the prohibition is when he says to his wife: "You are forbidden to me," is it like "You are to me as the back of my mother"?
And
That this is an error;Because if he says: "You are to me as the back of my mother" — he has likened the most lawful thing for him in terms of enjoyment to the most sacred thing for him. Furthermore, there is a belittling of the Shari'ah in likening this to that. Also, it may involve a belittling of the mother in making the wife like her. In any case, the difference between the two expressions is clear, and the legal ruling regarding the difference between them is clear. Zihar has been given a specific ruling, and Allah has given the prohibition another ruling,This statement is the stronger position: That forbidding the wife is like forbidding anyone else, it is an oath,It is as if he said: "It is forbidden for me to wear this garment."
Then he wore it, we say: You owe the expiation for an oath.
If he says to his wife: "You are forbidden to me."
Then he had intercourse with her, we say: He owes the expiation for an oath, with no difference.
Then He, the Exalted, said: [Surah al-Mujadilah: 2] (Forgiving) of falling short in obligatory duties, (and Oft-Forgiving) of committing forbidden acts. How vast is the forgiveness of Allah the Mighty and Majestic! [Surah Fatir: 45] .
Then Allah the Mighty and Majestic said:
Those who pronounce thihar among you [to separate] from their wives - they are not [consequently] their mothers. Their mothers are none but those who gave birth to them
الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ مَا هُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْThose who pronounce thihar among you [to separate] from their wives
الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْthey are not [consequently] their mothers
مَا هُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْTheir mothers are none but those who gave birth to them
إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْAnd indeed, they are saying an objectionable statement and a falsehood.
وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنْكَراً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَزُوراً(1) O Prophet, why do you prohibit [yourself from] what Allah has made lawful for you, seeking the approval of your wives? And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful. (2) Allah has already ordained for you [Muslims] the dissolution of your oaths. And Allah is your protector, and He is the Knowing, the Wise.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَاجِكَ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ * قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَاللَّهُ مَوْلاكُمْ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُAllah has already ordained for you [Muslims] the dissolution of your oaths
قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمَانِكُمْAnd
That this is an error;Because if he says: "You are to me as the back of my mother" — he has likened the most lawful thing for him in terms of enjoyment to the most sacred thing for him. Furthermore, there is a belittling of the Shari'ah in likening this to that. Also, it may involve a belittling of the mother in making the wife like her. In any case, the difference between the two expressions is clear, and the legal ruling regarding the difference between them is clear. Zihar has been given a specific ruling, and Allah has given the prohibition another ruling,This statement is the stronger position: That forbidding the wife is like forbidding anyone else, it is an oath,It is as if he said: "It is forbidden for me to wear this garment."
Then he wore it, we say: You owe the expiation for an oath.
If he says to his wife: "You are forbidden to me."
Then he had intercourse with her, we say: He owes the expiation for an oath, with no difference.
Then He, the Exalted, said: