Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And those who believe in Allah and His messengers, those are the truthful ones)
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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And those who believe in Allah and His messengers, those are the truthful ones)
Then He, the Exalted, said: [Al-Hadid: 19].
[An-Nisa 4:152] [Belief in Allah encompasses four things.
First: Belief in His existence.
And the second: Belief in His Lordship.
And the third: Belief in His Divinity.
And the fourth: Belief in His names and attributes.
The first: Belief in the existence of Allah is denied only by one who is obstinately stubborn in reality; no one denies it from the bottom of their heart at all. This is because every person knows that this stable, organized universe must have a Creator and an Organizer. Who is the Creator and the Organizer? Allah, Mighty and Majestic. This is because every person knows that no human being can act upon this universe. Who brings the night while the day exists? Who brings the day while the night exists? No one is able to do so.
So, every rational person is a believer in his heart, and even if he denies it with his tongue, he is a believer in the existence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic,And the reason for this is: that this great creation must have a Manager.
If someone were to say: Did it come about by chance?We would say: Who brought it about? And if something comes about by chance, it cannot be organized.
-If someone were to say: Did it create itself?We say: This is also impossible rationally! How can it create itself when it is non-existence? This is not possible.Therefore: It must have a Creator.And so Allah the Exalted said in Surat al-Waqi'ah: [Al-Waqi'ah: 58-59] What is the answer? No, our Lord, we are not able to create. A human being is never able to create a fetus in the womb of its mother.Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: [Al-Hajj: 73] Listen [Al-Hajj: 73] This is an address to all people, the disbeliever and the believer [Al-Hajj: 73] Therefore, when you read the verse, you must listen [Al-Hajj: 73] to all of them.
[Al-Hajj: 73] This wretched fly cannot be created by them even if they all gathered to do so. None of the objects of worship can create a fly, and it is one of the smallest, most humble, and most fragile of animals. And add to this [Al-Hajj: 73] meaning: if the fly were to take something from these idols, they would not be able to retrieve it from it.
The scholars said: The meaning is: if the fly were to land on one of these idols and suck up some of the fragrance in it—for they perfume their idols—the idols would not be able to retrieve it [Al-Hajj: 73].
I say once again: No one can ever deny the existence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, from the bottom of their heart. This is because it is the consensus of the rational that every new occurrence must have a Creator, and no one creates this universe except Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The second: Belief in His Lordship,Meaning: that He alone is the Creator, the Owner, and the Manager of all affairs. He is Allah alone. He is the Creator, the Owner, and the Manager of all affairs. So there is no Creator except Allah, no Manager of the universe except Allah, and no Owner of the universe except Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Even a person's ownership of what is in his hand is not true ownership.And the evidence: He cannot dispose of what is in his hand as he pleases. Right now, this pen is my property, but I do not have the right to dispose of it as I please. If I wanted to burn it or break it, I would be prevented. It is forbidden for me by the Shari'ah because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the squandering of wealth.
So, a person's ownership of what is in his hand is not true ownership, but rather he is merely distinguished by it from others.
The third: That He alone is unique in managing affairs, and no one is ever able to manage affairs. So Divinity is that you believe that there is no god but Allah. There is nothing in the universe that is worshipped with truth except Allah, Mighty and Majestic, ever. Is the worship of idols true or not true? Not true. The idols themselves are called gods, but are they a true god? No.As Allah the Mighty and Majestic said: [Al-Hajj: 62] So Divinity is: that you believe that there is no god but Allah.Meaning: There is no true object of worship except Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and whatever is worshipped besides Him is invalid. Therefore, worship is not to be directed to anyone but Allah.
The fourth: Belief in the names and attributes.
Does Allah have names? Yes. Does He have attributes? Yes. His names are the best names.Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: [Al-A'raf: 180] And His attributes are likewise the highest. There is no attribute of deficiency.Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nahl: 60] Meaning: the highest description.
So, we must believe in the names of Allah, and we must believe in the attributes of Allah.
The names of Allah the Exalted are numerous and cannot be limited no matter how much you try, and they cannot be counted.And the evidence: The hadith of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: (There is no person who is afflicted with worry, distress, or sadness, then says: O Allah, I am Your servant, the son of Your servant, the son of Your maidservant. My forelock is in Your hand. Your judgment over me is executed, and Your decree over me is just. I ask You, O Allah, by every name that is Yours, by which You have named Yourself, or which You have revealed in Your Book, or which You have taught any of Your creation, or which You have kept exclusive to Yourself in the knowledge of the unseen with You) So Allah made the names into three categories: what He revealed in His Book, such as: The Most Merciful.
Or which You have taught any of Your creation.For example: The Lord.
The Healer. This is not in the Qur'an, but it came in the Sunnah.The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: (The miswak is a purifier for the mouth and a source of pleasure for the Lord) And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (As for the bowing, then magnify the Lord therein) Did He reveal this in His Book or teach it to any of His creation? The latter.
The third category: What Allah kept exclusive to Himself in the knowledge of the unseen—"kept exclusive" means He was unique in it. But what Allah was unique in knowing, so He did not reveal it in the Book and did not teach it to any of the creation. Is it possible to encompass it? It is not possible. So, the names of Allah cannot be encompassed or limited by a number because we do not know them.And as for his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): (Indeed, Allah has ninety-nine names, whoever enumerates them will enter Paradise) So the meaning is that among the names are ninety-nine names, whoever enumerates them will enter Paradise.And whoever counts them, meaning: He knows them in wording and knows them in meaning, and worships Allah in accordance with their implications. It is not intended that you merely memorize them. No, but it is necessary to memorize the wording,And the second: understand the meaning,And the third: and worship Allah with them and in accordance with their implications.For example: If you know that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is the Forgiver, you turn to seeking forgiveness.Do not say: Allah is the Forgiver, and you commit the sin whenever you wish, you turn to seeking forgiveness and seek Allah's forgiveness. You will find Allah to be the Forgiving, the Merciful. If you know that Allah is the Mighty, you worship Allah in accordance with this, you fear Him and beware of Him, and so on.
Then He, the Exalted, said:
And those who have believed in Allah and His messengers - those are [in the ranks of] the supporters of truth
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الصِّدِّيقُونَBut they who believe in Allah and His messengers
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِFirst: Belief in His existence.
And the second: Belief in His Lordship.
And the third: Belief in His Divinity.
And the fourth: Belief in His names and attributes.
The first: Belief in the existence of Allah is denied only by one who is obstinately stubborn in reality; no one denies it from the bottom of their heart at all. This is because every person knows that this stable, organized universe must have a Creator and an Organizer. Who is the Creator and the Organizer? Allah, Mighty and Majestic. This is because every person knows that no human being can act upon this universe. Who brings the night while the day exists? Who brings the day while the night exists? No one is able to do so.
So, every rational person is a believer in his heart, and even if he denies it with his tongue, he is a believer in the existence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic,And the reason for this is: that this great creation must have a Manager.
If someone were to say: Did it come about by chance?We would say: Who brought it about? And if something comes about by chance, it cannot be organized.
-If someone were to say: Did it create itself?We say: This is also impossible rationally! How can it create itself when it is non-existence? This is not possible.Therefore: It must have a Creator.And so Allah the Exalted said in Surat al-Waqi'ah:
(58) Have you seen that which you emit? (59) Is it you who creates it, or are We the Creator?
أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا تُمْنُونَ * أَأَنْتُمْ تَخْلُقُونَهُ أَمْ نَحْنُ الْخَالِقُونَO people, an example is presented, so listen to it.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُO MANKIND
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُan example is presented, so listen to it
ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُIndeed, those you [polytheists] call upon besides Allah
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِwill never create [as much as] a fly, even if they gathered together for that purpose
لَنْ يَخْلُقُوا ذُبَاباً وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا لَهُAnd if the fly should steal away from them a [tiny] thing, they could not recover it from him
وَإِنْ يَسْلُبْهُمُ الذُّبَابُ شَيْئاً لا يَسْتَنْقِذُوهُ مِنْهُThe scholars said: The meaning is: if the fly were to land on one of these idols and suck up some of the fragrance in it—for they perfume their idols—the idols would not be able to retrieve it
Weak are the pursuer and pursued.
ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُI say once again: No one can ever deny the existence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, from the bottom of their heart. This is because it is the consensus of the rational that every new occurrence must have a Creator, and no one creates this universe except Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The second: Belief in His Lordship,Meaning: that He alone is the Creator, the Owner, and the Manager of all affairs. He is Allah alone. He is the Creator, the Owner, and the Manager of all affairs. So there is no Creator except Allah, no Manager of the universe except Allah, and no Owner of the universe except Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Even a person's ownership of what is in his hand is not true ownership.And the evidence: He cannot dispose of what is in his hand as he pleases. Right now, this pen is my property, but I do not have the right to dispose of it as I please. If I wanted to burn it or break it, I would be prevented. It is forbidden for me by the Shari'ah because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the squandering of wealth.
So, a person's ownership of what is in his hand is not true ownership, but rather he is merely distinguished by it from others.
The third: That He alone is unique in managing affairs, and no one is ever able to manage affairs. So Divinity is that you believe that there is no god but Allah. There is nothing in the universe that is worshipped with truth except Allah, Mighty and Majestic, ever. Is the worship of idols true or not true? Not true. The idols themselves are called gods, but are they a true god? No.As Allah the Mighty and Majestic said:
That is because Allah is the Truth, and that which they call upon other than Him is falsehood
ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنَّ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ هُوَ الْبَاطِلُThe fourth: Belief in the names and attributes.
Does Allah have names? Yes. Does He have attributes? Yes. His names are the best names.Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said:
And to Allah belong the best names
وَلِلَّهِ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَىFor those who do not believe in the Hereafter is the description of evil; and for Allah is the highest attribute
لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ مَثَلُ السَّوْءِ وَلِلَّهِ الْمَثَلُ الْأَعْلَىSo, we must believe in the names of Allah, and we must believe in the attributes of Allah.
The names of Allah the Exalted are numerous and cannot be limited no matter how much you try, and they cannot be counted.And the evidence: The hadith of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: (There is no person who is afflicted with worry, distress, or sadness, then says: O Allah, I am Your servant, the son of Your servant, the son of Your maidservant. My forelock is in Your hand. Your judgment over me is executed, and Your decree over me is just. I ask You, O Allah, by every name that is Yours, by which You have named Yourself, or which You have revealed in Your Book, or which You have taught any of Your creation, or which You have kept exclusive to Yourself in the knowledge of the unseen with You) So Allah made the names into three categories: what He revealed in His Book, such as: The Most Merciful.
Or which You have taught any of Your creation.For example: The Lord.
The Healer. This is not in the Qur'an, but it came in the Sunnah.The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: (The miswak is a purifier for the mouth and a source of pleasure for the Lord) And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (As for the bowing, then magnify the Lord therein) Did He reveal this in His Book or teach it to any of His creation? The latter.
The third category: What Allah kept exclusive to Himself in the knowledge of the unseen—"kept exclusive" means He was unique in it. But what Allah was unique in knowing, so He did not reveal it in the Book and did not teach it to any of the creation. Is it possible to encompass it? It is not possible. So, the names of Allah cannot be encompassed or limited by a number because we do not know them.And as for his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): (Indeed, Allah has ninety-nine names, whoever enumerates them will enter Paradise) So the meaning is that among the names are ninety-nine names, whoever enumerates them will enter Paradise.And whoever counts them, meaning: He knows them in wording and knows them in meaning, and worships Allah in accordance with their implications. It is not intended that you merely memorize them. No, but it is necessary to memorize the wording,And the second: understand the meaning,And the third: and worship Allah with them and in accordance with their implications.For example: If you know that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is the Forgiver, you turn to seeking forgiveness.Do not say: Allah is the Forgiver, and you commit the sin whenever you wish, you turn to seeking forgiveness and seek Allah's forgiveness. You will find Allah to be the Forgiving, the Merciful. If you know that Allah is the Mighty, you worship Allah in accordance with this, you fear Him and beware of Him, and so on.