A man who was able to perform Hajj but did not, and then died: Do his heirs perform Hajj on his behalf?
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Ibrahim Shuqara: A man was able to perform Hajj but did not, and then died. Do his heirs, or for example his sons, perform Hajj on his behalf?
The Shaykh : If Hajj was obligatory upon him, meaning he was able to perform it but did not, then no one can perform Hajj on his behalf. There is a sound report (athar) from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 13:486 narrated by Imam Malik in al-Muwatta with a sound chain. I began with this sound report because of its clarity on the subject. It is derived from texts in the Book and the Sunnah. Among them is the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He: [An-Najm 53:39] A person is commanded to perform an obligatory duty, such as the obligation of Hajj, fasting, or prayer, or something similar. If he was able to do all of that but did not, it means that he did not purify himself by performing these obligations. And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: So then, who will purify him after certainty has come to him and he has moved to the mercy of the Lord of the Worlds, or to His painful punishment, according to what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, wills to treat him with? Who will purify him? [An-Najm 53:39] Therefore, that noble Companion said: "No one performs Hajj on behalf of another, and no one fasts on behalf of another" This applies to obligatory duties. Therefore, a man who died without performing the obligatory Hajj that was required of him, none of his sons can perform Hajj in his place, let alone what was mentioned in the question, which is broader than what I said. That is, no one from his descendants can perform Hajj for him. There may be a brother among the descendants, or a wife, and so on.
If the son cannot perform Hajj for his father, then a fortiori, one who is further removed from this father than his son cannot do so.
The Shaykh : If Hajj was obligatory upon him, meaning he was able to perform it but did not, then no one can perform Hajj on his behalf. There is a sound report (athar) from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
No one performs Hajj on behalf of another, and no one fasts on behalf of another
لا يحج أحد عن أحد ولا يصوم أحد عن أحدAnd that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strives
وأن ليس للإنسان إلا ما سعىAnd whoever purifies himself, it is only for his own soul
ومن يتزكى فإنما يتزكى لنفسهAnd that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strives
وأن ليس للإنسان إلا ما سعىIf the son cannot perform Hajj for his father, then a fortiori, one who is further removed from this father than his son cannot do so.