What are the authentic hadiths that are taken from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and acted upon, and we hear about the transmitted or mursal hadith, and the hasan and gharib?
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The questioner : What are the authentic hadiths that are taken from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and acted upon? We hear that there is the transmitted or mursal hadith, and the hasan and gharib. Please clarify for us some of these hadiths in detail, may you be rewarded.
The Shaykh : The authentic hadith is one that gathers five conditions. The first condition: that its narrator be just in his religion, not an open sinner. The second condition: that he be fully precise, such that he does not err in receiving or transmitting, and a rare error has no ruling.
The third condition: that the chain of narration be connected, such that the student narrates it directly from his teacher.
The fourth: that the hadith be free of defects, meaning: there is no defect in it that undermines it, neither in its chain nor in its text.
The fifth: that it not be anomalous, neither in its chain nor in its text. If these conditions are met, it is authentic, accepted, and acted upon. If one of the conditions is lacking, it drops from the level of authenticity. If it drops from the level of authenticity, it has degrees: hasan in itself, hasan due to external factors, authentic due to external factors, weak, fabricated, mursal, munqati', and mu'dal. This is known in the science of hadith terminology. What concerns us is to know the conditions of the authentic hadith, which are five, as I mentioned earlier.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.
The Shaykh : The authentic hadith is one that gathers five conditions. The first condition: that its narrator be just in his religion, not an open sinner. The second condition: that he be fully precise, such that he does not err in receiving or transmitting, and a rare error has no ruling.
The third condition: that the chain of narration be connected, such that the student narrates it directly from his teacher.
The fourth: that the hadith be free of defects, meaning: there is no defect in it that undermines it, neither in its chain nor in its text.
The fifth: that it not be anomalous, neither in its chain nor in its text. If these conditions are met, it is authentic, accepted, and acted upon. If one of the conditions is lacking, it drops from the level of authenticity. If it drops from the level of authenticity, it has degrees: hasan in itself, hasan due to external factors, authentic due to external factors, weak, fabricated, mursal, munqati', and mu'dal. This is known in the science of hadith terminology. What concerns us is to know the conditions of the authentic hadith, which are five, as I mentioned earlier.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.