A person in dire necessity needs to buy a car on installment; is this permissible or not?
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The questioner : A person in dire necessity needs to buy something on installment; is this permissible or not?
The Shaykh : It is not permissible unless he is in dire necessity.
Another questioner: Please give us a detailed explanation, our Shaykh, about installments.
The Shaykh : how
Another questioner: A detailed explanation about...
The Shaykh : The intended meaning is Abu 'Abdullah; we are discussing...
We are not recording, my professor.
The Shaykh : Heh
Another questioner: Record it, record the installment, record it.
Another questioner: Someone is nudging me, our Shaykh, ... .
The Shaykh : Heh, the truth is that in today's time we have been afflicted with the world and its adornments, and we have become unable to live a moderate life without being associated with—I do not say luxury—but we are unable to live without expanding our lifestyle. So, for example, a man lived and reached an age, may Allah will it, and he is strong in build, strong in body, and walks on his feet without being affected. But he sees his neighbors, this one has a car and that one has, for example, a motorcycle, and he longs to be like the others. So he goes back and says, "I am in dire necessity to buy a car or a motorcycle on installment." Where is this necessity? It is merely that he wants to expand. And on that basis, he classifies many matters, countless in number. A person says, for example, "I pay rent for housing every month, seventy, eighty, or one hundred dinars, for example. I am in dire necessity; I want to build a house, and therefore I want to borrow with riba (usury or interest)." Where is the necessity? As long as you are living and sheltered, and will you take this housing with you to the Hereafter? It is sufficient that, as he (peace and blessings be upon him) said,Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2346Hasan (Darussalam) "Whoever among you is safe in his home, in his dwelling, whether it is his property or the property of another, the important thing is that he is safe in his home" . Where is the necessity for him to take riba (usury or interest) to build a house registered in his name? There is no necessity. And so, unfortunately, this word has become commonplace. Peace be upon you. And upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. The issue is: if a person is in dire necessity for open riba (usury or interest), he is lying in his claim. Why is he in dire necessity? Will he die of hunger? The answer is no. If he were to die of hunger, it would be permissible for him to steal. In fact, I say it is not permissible for him to steal,
Another questioner: It is obligatory upon him.
The Shaykh : Yes?
Another questioner: It is obligatory upon him.
The Shaykh : No, no, I do not want to say anything else to him. It is permissible for him to beg, do you see? Because this is less severe than stealing. Stealing is encroaching upon the wealth of others without right, whereas begging, as the Exalted said,[Al-Ma'arij 70:24-25]. So if you ask, meaning you beg with right, it is more honorable for you than taking without right, the Shari'ah path, rather than stealing. Look at how fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) guides a person step by step and shows him the differences between one matter and another. You will die of hunger, you will die of cold; you must proceed step by step in reaching what is forbidden out of necessity, proceeding through degrees. Imagine yourself in any place, and we are now living in a populated country with many people. What is the necessity that compels you to borrow with riba (usury or interest)? There is no necessity at all.
You want to trade. Trade is not a necessity. You can do any job. You can sell perfumes in a very small box if you do not have the strength to bear hardships and difficulties. A car, for example, in which you sell, or a regular bicycle, or something similar, as some of our Egyptian brothers and others do. And it is worse if he commits forbidden riba (usury or interest) under the claim of necessity. For example, if you will die of hunger, ask those around you. Ask, "My situation is such and such." This one will not give you, and that one will not give you, and that one will not give you, until you despair of asking and are about to die. Then the closest food you can reach by your hand is stolen; take it, and it becomes lawful for you now. But when? After taking the first step. And where does this last step come in, that you eat what is forbidden through riba (usury or interest)? There is no need you imagine that leads you to riba (usury or interest) that is not merely expansion to eat unlawful wealth. And we are ignorant of, or we ignore, the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) after the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He,[At-Talaq 65:2-3]. The truth is, my voice is hoarse as I repeat this verse, but unfortunately, few remember it.
[At-Talaq 65:2] The meaning of this verse is, at least, that this concept no longer circulates in the minds of Muslims. Then his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, . This statement has been erased from the minds of Muslims, for they live, unfortunately, a life of those about whom Allah the Exalted said, [At-Tawbah 9:29], meaning [At-Tawbah 9:29]. The least word he says to you is, "I am in dire necessity, I am in dire necessity," and he is never sincere in his necessity, according to the detail we have explained just now.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible unless he is in dire necessity.
Another questioner: Please give us a detailed explanation, our Shaykh, about installments.
The Shaykh : how
Another questioner: A detailed explanation about...
The Shaykh : The intended meaning is Abu 'Abdullah; we are discussing...
We are not recording, my professor.
The Shaykh : Heh
Another questioner: Record it, record the installment, record it.
Another questioner: Someone is nudging me, our Shaykh, ... .
The Shaykh : Heh, the truth is that in today's time we have been afflicted with the world and its adornments, and we have become unable to live a moderate life without being associated with—I do not say luxury—but we are unable to live without expanding our lifestyle. So, for example, a man lived and reached an age, may Allah will it, and he is strong in build, strong in body, and walks on his feet without being affected. But he sees his neighbors, this one has a car and that one has, for example, a motorcycle, and he longs to be like the others. So he goes back and says, "I am in dire necessity to buy a car or a motorcycle on installment." Where is this necessity? It is merely that he wants to expand. And on that basis, he classifies many matters, countless in number. A person says, for example, "I pay rent for housing every month, seventy, eighty, or one hundred dinars, for example. I am in dire necessity; I want to build a house, and therefore I want to borrow with riba (usury or interest)." Where is the necessity? As long as you are living and sheltered, and will you take this housing with you to the Hereafter? It is sufficient that, as he (peace and blessings be upon him) said,
Whoever among you wakes up in the morning secured in his dwelling
من أصبح منكم آمنا في سربهAnd healthy in his body, and he has his daily sustenance, then it is as if the whole world has been brought to him in its entirety.
و معافى في بدنه و عنده قوت يومه فكأنما سيقت إليه الدنيا بحذافيرهاAnother questioner: It is obligatory upon him.
The Shaykh : Yes?
Another questioner: It is obligatory upon him.
The Shaykh : No, no, I do not want to say anything else to him. It is permissible for him to beg, do you see? Because this is less severe than stealing. Stealing is encroaching upon the wealth of others without right, whereas begging, as the Exalted said,
(24) And those within whose wealth is a known right (25) For the petitioner and the deprived -
و في أموالهم حق معلوم للسائل و المحرومYou want to trade. Trade is not a necessity. You can do any job. You can sell perfumes in a very small box if you do not have the strength to bear hardships and difficulties. A car, for example, in which you sell, or a regular bicycle, or something similar, as some of our Egyptian brothers and others do. And it is worse if he commits forbidden riba (usury or interest) under the claim of necessity. For example, if you will die of hunger, ask those around you. Ask, "My situation is such and such." This one will not give you, and that one will not give you, and that one will not give you, until you despair of asking and are about to die. Then the closest food you can reach by your hand is stolen; take it, and it becomes lawful for you now. But when? After taking the first step. And where does this last step come in, that you eat what is forbidden through riba (usury or interest)? There is no need you imagine that leads you to riba (usury or interest) that is not merely expansion to eat unlawful wealth. And we are ignorant of, or we ignore, the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) after the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He,
